The Effect of Risk Factors on the Levels of Chemical Elements in the Tibial Plateau of Patients with Osteoarthritis following Knee Surgery

Table 3

The concentrations of chemical elements and Se/elements ratios (mg/kg dm) in smokers and nonsmokers among examined patients (mg/kg dm).

Parameter	Mn	Pb	Cd	THg	Se/Pb	Se/Cd	Se/THg
Smokers ()
AM ± SD	0.31 ± 0.25	2.32 ± 1.38	0.06 ± 0.05	0.01 ± 0.01	0.02 ± 0.02	1.12 ± 1.11	14.18 ± 18.90
Med	0.22	2.09	0.04	0.004	0.02	0.80	8.36
Range	0.08–0.99	0.45–7.28	0.01–0.18	0.001–0.030	0.06–0.08	0.18–4.93	0.94–33.73
QL–QU	0.13–0.36	1.72–2.50	0.03–0.08	0.001–0.006	0.01–0.02	0.44–1.20	6.36–26.61
Nonsmokers ()
AM ± SD	0.32 ± 0.22	1.34 ± 0.57	0.03 ± 0.03	0.003 ± 0.002	0.04 ± 0.02	1.85 ± 1.16	21.85 ± 13.74
Med	0.28	1.45	0.03	0.002	0.03	1.40	18.52
Range	0.11–0.85	0.35–2.33	0.01–0.13	0.001–0.009	0.02–0.10	0.35–4.49	3.12–47.40
QL–QU	0.15–0.40	0.90–1.67	0.02–0.04	0.001–0.005	0.02–0.05	0.93–2.90	10.17–35.90
Smokers versus Nonsmokers
	NS	49.0	74	NS	54	72	79
		0.001	0.03		0.01	0.02	0.04

AM: arithmetic mean; SD: standard deviation; Q_L: lower quartile; Q_U: upper quartile; : Mann-Whitney test; : level of significance; NS: nonsignificant difference.