Quitline Use and Outcomes among Callers with and without Mental Health Conditions: A 7-Month Follow-Up Evaluation in Three States

Table 1

Quitline services for tobacco users enrolled in the Nebraska, North Carolina, or Maryland state tobacco quitlines.

Services	State quitline
	Nebraska	North Carolina	Maryland
Registration dates included	1 August 2012–31 October 2012	Evaluation 1: 1 January 2012–30 June 2012; Evaluation 2: 8 August 2012–31 May 2013	1 December 2012–31 May 2013
7 M responders/number in sample	136/342	Evaluation 1: 827/1,966; Evaluation 2: 753/1,875	1,546/3,463
Evaluation sample selection	Census	Evaluation 1: oversampled Medicaid; Evaluation 2: oversampled Medicaid, pregnant, MHCs	Census; random sampling (March–May 2013)
One-call program^a	All tobacco users	All tobacco users	All tobacco users
Multiple-call program; (Assessment and planning call plus 3-4 outbound calls)	Five-call program for tobacco users ready to quit in the next 30 days	Four-call program for tobacco users ready to quit in the next 30 days	Four-call program for tobacco users ready to quit in the next 30 days
Ten-call program	Pregnant tobacco users	Pregnant tobacco users	Pregnant tobacco users
Web Coach; (Interactive online complement to phone coaching)	All phone program participants	All phone program participants	All phone program participants
Stand-alone web-based tobacco cessation Program^a	Not offered	For tobacco users who preferred to receive only online support (starting 1 January 2012)	For tobacco users who preferred to receive only online support (starting 12 January 2012)
Direct Mail Order (DMO) nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)	(i) Not offered; (ii) Proof of quitline enrollment and completion of a program call was a component for some Medicaid participants to receive NRT or medications through their pharmacy benefits manager	(i) Eight-week supply of patch, lozenge, or gum to multiple-call enrollees in the following groups: (a) all (1 January 2012–20 May 2012); (b) uninsured (starting 19 December 2012); (c) Orange County residents (starting 13 February 2013); (ii) Two-week (starting 13 February 2013) supply of patch, lozenge, or gum for multiple-call enrollees who were insured (expanded to 8-week supply on 22 May 2013); (iii) Eight-week supply of patches for multiple-call enrollees with state employees’ health insurance (duration of study timeframe)	Four-week supply of patch, lozenge, or gum to all multiple-call (once every 12 months)

Note: 7 M = 7-month survey; MHCs = mental health conditions (conditions assessed: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Depression, Drug or Alcohol Use Disorder (or Substance Use Disorder), Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Schizophrenia).
^aThis study focused on callers who enrolled in a multiple-call telephone program. Individuals who selected the one-call program or the stand-alone web-based tobacco cessation program were not included. Limited 7-month evaluation data was available for these groups because a small minority selected these services and only Maryland collected follow-up data for the stand-alone web-based program during this timeframe.