Immunotherapy for Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Table 2

Clinical trials stimulating innate immunity against bone and soft tissue sarcomas.

Agent	Number of patients	Diagnosis	Treatment	Follow-up	Clinical result
IL-2 [16]	6	Osteosarcoma,; Ewing’s sarcoma	6–12 × 10^6 IU/m^2; for 5 days by every 3 weeks	7–71 months	Complete response (CR): 5; Progressive disease (PD): 5
IFNs [17]	3	Osteosarcoma	2.5–5 × 10^6 IU/mL; twice or thrice weekly	6–8 months	CR: 2; PD: 1
IFN-α2 [18]	20	Osteosarcoma,; fibrosarcoma,; chondrosarcoma,; and malignant fibrous histiocytoma	5 × 10^7 IU/m^2; thrice weekly	1–3 months	Partial response (PR): 3
IFN-α [19]	89	Osteosarcoma	Cohort 1 (70 patients); 3 × 10^6 IU daily for a month; Cohort 2 (19 patients); 3 × 10^6 IU daily for 3–5 years	10 years	Metastatic free survival: 39%; Sarcoma specific survival: 43%
IFN-β [20]	158	Osteosarcoma; (COSS-80)	1 × 10^5 IU/kg for 22 weeks	30 months	Disease-free survival; +IFN: 77%; −IFN: 73% (N.S.)
Pegylated IFN-α2b [21]	715	Osteosarcoma; (EURAMOS-1)	Methotrexate, adriamycin, and cisplatin (MAP); +/−IFN (0.5–1.0 μg/kg/wk); for 2 years	Median follow-up; 3.1 years	Event-free survival; +IFN: 77%; −IFN: 74% (N.S.)
L-MTP-PE [22]	662	Osteosarcoma; (INT 0133)	MAP alone,; MAP + L-MTP-PE,; MAP + ifosfamide,; MAP + ifosfamide; + L-MTP-PE	6 years	Overall survival; +L-MTP-PE: 78%; −L-MTP-PE: 70%; Event free survival; No significant difference