Chitosan and Its Potential Use as a Scaffold for Tissue Engineering in Regenerative Medicine

Table 1

Characteristics that must contain a biomaterial for use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Characteristics	Description of the characteristic
Biocompatibility	They must be accepted by the receptor and must not lead to rejection mechanisms because of its presence
Absorbability and degradability	Absorbable, with controllable degradation and resorption rate to be the same as the in vitro and in vivo cell/tissue growth
Not to be toxic or carcinogenic	Its degradation products cannot cause local or systemic adverse effect on a biological system
Chemically stable	Chemical modifications not being present in a biological system implant or biodegradable in nontoxic products, at least during the scheduled time to regenerate tissue
Chemically adequate surface	To have a chemically adequate surface for cell access, proliferation and cell differentiation
Adequate resistance and mechanical properties	Resistance and mechanical properties, superficial characteristics, fatigue time, and weight, according to the receptor tissue needs, as well
The proper design, size, and shape of the scaffolding	Which allows having a structure with properties according to the needs of the receiving tissue to regenerate or repair.