Novel Investigations of Flavonoids as Chemopreventive Agents for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Table 3

Oroxylin A in HCC with possible mechanisms discussed in this paper.

Subfamily	Flavonoids	Typical origin	In vitro/in vivo; Cell lines/modes; Effective dose	Effects and related mechanisms	Author (year); References
Flavones	Oroxylin A	Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi	In vitro; HepG2; 25–100 M	↑ H2O2-triggered overactivation of the UPR pathway and; ↓ AKT signaling	Xu et al. (2012) [23]
			In vitro/in vivo; HepG2 cells/BALB/c nude mice; 80 M/40 mg/kg; 80 mg/kg	↑ autophagy-mediated antitumor activity; ↓ PI3K-PTEN-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway	Zou et al. (2012) [24]
			In vitro; HepG2 cells; 50, 100 and 200 M	↓ CAM-DR, ↓ integrin1	Zhu et al. (2012) [80]
			In vitro/in vivo; HepG2 cells/transplanted H22 mice; 50 M/1,000 mg (kg/day)	↑ sensitivity of HepG2 cells to 5-FU by ↑ P53 and cleaved PARP; ↓ COX-2, ↓ Bcl-2, and ↓ pro-caspase-3	Zhao et al. (2010) [79]
			In vitro; HepG2 cells; 50, 100, and 200 M	↑ apoptosis by MAC-related mitochondrial pathway	Liu et al. (2009) [40]
			In vitro; HepG2; 50, 100, and 150 M	↑ apoptotic and G(2)/M phase arrest cells; ↑ programmed cell death via ↓ Bcl-2 protein, ↓ pro-caspase-3 protein, and ↑ Bax protein	Hu et al. (2006) [97]

For abbreviations see footer of Table 1.