Research Article

Ischemic Postconditioning and Subanesthetic S(+)-Ketamine Infusion: Effects on Renal Function and Histology in Rats

Table 2

Repeated measures ANOVA one factor and contrast analysis among the groups.

ā€‰Main effectInteractionContrast analysis among groups
ā€‰GroupTimeTime point match valueCommentaries

Cr0.00010.00010.00010.034(CG = KG) < KIPG, IPG
0.0001(CG = KG) < (IPG = KIPG)
0.0001(CG = KG) < (IPG = KIPG)

NGAL0.00080.00010.0810.041KG < (CG = IPG = KIPG)
0.54CG = KG = IPG = KIPG
0.11CG = KG = IPG = KIPG

Na0.00010.0140.130.096CG = KG = IPG = KIPG
0.21CG = KG = IPG = KIPG
0.30CG = KG = IPG = KIPG

Ur0.00010.00010.00010.004(CG = KG) < (IPG = KIPG)
0.0001(CG = KG) < (IPG = KIPG)
0.0001(CG = KG) < (IPG = KIPG)

Cr: creatinine; NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; Na+: sodium; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CG: control group; KG: subanesthetic S(+)-ketamine continuous infusion; IPG: ischemic postconditioning (IP) group; KIPG: subanesthetic S(+)-ketamine continuous infusion + IP group.