Probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum) Increase Bone Mass Density and Upregulate Sparc and Bmp-2 Genes in Rats with Bone Loss Resulting from Ovariectomy

Figure 2

Effect of B. longum on the rat femur stress. Ten-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were supplemented with 1 mL B. longum (10⁸–10⁹ CFU) once a day for 16 weeks, starting 2 weeks after surgery, while sham and OVX groups received 1 mL of demineralized water. At the end of the study, the femoral breaking force of dissected femurs was tested by using the three-point bending method in the center of the femur using a universal testing machine. Values represent the mean ± SEM ( in each group). ^abValues with different letters in the same row are significantly different at based on one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test.