Reexamination of Statistical Methods for Comparative Anatomy: Examples of Its Application and Comparisons with Other Parametric and Nonparametric Statistics
Table 4
, and GCAIs for the flexor deep muscles in the forearm to indicate degree of differences in this muscular group among different species in relation to the control species (Ce).
Species ()
Cebus (Ce), control species or reference ( = 1)
Modern humans (Hu) ( = 2)
Chimpanzee (Ch) ( = 3)
Baboon (Ba) ( = 4)
Investigated structures (flexor deep muscles of forearm)
Pronator quadratus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Specific weights given with respect to variation
Innervation ( = 1)
(=3)
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
Origin ( = 2)
(=2)
1
1
1
1
1
0.5
1
1
1
1
0
1
Insertion ( = 3)
(=2)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.5
1
1
0
0
Vascularization ( = 4)
(=1)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
Weighted averages for single muscle (PAF = )
1
1
1
0.625
0
0.875
0
0.9375
0
0
1
0.750
Weighted averages for multiple muscles (mean of ) ()
1
GCAI =
Reference
Note. : proportion of normal structured organs, where represents individual species, represents individual structures (i.e., muscles), and represent individual parameters of the muscles.
