Trigonella foenum (Fenugreek) Induced Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line, HepG2, Mediated by Upregulation of p53 and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

(a) Fenugreek seed crude extract (FCE) upregulated p53 and PCNA expression levels in HepG-2 cells line, using western blot analysis. Cells were treated with or without (500 μg/mL) FCE for different time intervals. Our data showed a significant increase in p53 and PCNA protein expression, respectively. Blots were normalized for total protein loading. Representative data from three independent experiments are shown. (b) Apoptosis indicated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Western blot analysis for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (upper panel) and Bax protein expression (lower panel). Cells were treated with or without 100–500 μg/mL range of Fenugreek seed crude extract, FCE, for 48 h. Blots were normalized for total protein loading.