Hexosamine-Induced TGF-β Signaling and Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Are Dependent on N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V

Figure 5

Effects of GlcN/GlcNAc, GalN/GalNAc, and ManN/ManNAc on the expression of O-GlcNAc, TGF-βr type I, and Smads proteins in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). The cells grown in regular medium were used as the negative control (NC), and those in mineralizing medium containing osteogenic supplements (OS) were used as the positive control. Expression of different O-linked glycoproteins of approximately 180, 145, 100, 63, 58, 54, and 45 kDa was detected after treatment with PUGNAc (10 μM) for four hours. (a) Expression of TGF-βr type I (52 kDa) and phosphorylated Smad2 protein (60 kDa) in the cytosol and nuclei at 1 hr (b) and 4 hr (c).

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