Enhanced Protective Effects of Combined Treatment with β-Carotene and Curcumin against Hyperthermic Spermatogenic Disorders in Mice

Figure 2

Representative histopathological findings of testes treated with β-carotene (β-CA) and/or curcumin (Cur) after heat stress (HS) in mice. (a) Normal control group. (b) HS with severe testicular degeneration such as abnormal spermatocytes and spermatids, vacuolation of seminiferous tubules, formation of multinucleated giant cells (yellow asterisk), and hyperplasia of Leydig cells. (c) Magnified area of (b) (yellow box). (d) HS plus β-CA group. (e) HS plus Cur group. (f) HS plus β-CA + Cur group. H&E staining; bar: 100 μm.

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