Cognitive Rehabilitation in Patients with Gliomas and Other Brain Tumors: State of the Art

Table 2

Description of test used and domains assessed.

Investigators (year, name)	Functions assessed	Tests used for assessment
Maschio et al. (2015) [13]	Global neurocognitive performance, attention, executive functions, abstract reasoning, visuospatial abilities, long-term visuospatial memory, short-term and long-term auditory-verbal memory, language.	MMSE [20]; TMT A and TMT B [21]; FAB [22]; PM 47 [23]; ROCF-copy [24]; ROCF recall [24]; clock drawing test [25]; span forward and backward [26]; recall of disyllabic words [27]; 15 Rey-Osterreith word list [28]; immediate recall; 15 Rey-Osterreith word list; delayed recall [28]; story recall [29]; phonemic and semantic fluency tests [30]
Yang et al. (2014) [14]	Continuous concentration on visual and auditory items, selective attention, verbal and spatial memory, visual-motor coordination, activities of daily living.	Computerized neuropsychological tests (CNTs) [31]; Korean version of MMSE (K-MMSE) [32]; K-MBI [33]
Zucchella et al. (2013) [15]	Language disturbance, global cognitive functioning, verbal and spatial immediate memory span, verbal memory, immediate and delayed recall, nonverbal reasoning, frontal functionality, simple speed processing, complex attention, visual selective attention, visuoconstructional abilities, verbal fluency.	Before starting training: the ENPA [34]; Neuropsychological battery: MMSE [20]; digit span [26]; Corsi’s test [26]; RAVLT and logical memory [28, 29]; PM47 [35]; FAB [22]; TMT A and TMT B [36]; attentive matrices [27]; ROCF-copy [24]
Hassler et al. (2010) [16]	Verbal memory, attention, visual-motor speed, executive functions, verbal fluency.	TMT A [37]; TMT B [37]; HVLT [38]; COWA [39]
Gehring et al. (2009) [17]	Attention, verbal memory, executive functions, motivations, general cognitive functions.	Screening tests: DART [33]; DMT [20]; SCWT [26, 29]; LDST [28]; MST [35]; VVLT direct and delayed recall [22]; CST [36]; CF animals [27]; Neuropsychological tests for the evaluation of intervention effects: SCWT [26, 29]; LDST [28]; MST [35]; TEA [24]; VVLT direct and delayed recall [22]; CST [36]; LF [34]; CF animals and professions [27]; BADS [40, 41]; TEA [24]; CFS [42]; burden (study-specific measure); CFQ [43]; SF-36 [44, 45]; MFI [46]; CIQ [47]
Locke et al. (2008) [18]	Immediate memory, visuoconstruction abilities, language, attention, delayed memory.	The Compensation Techniques Questionnaire; study-specific poststudy feedback questionnaire; FACT–BR16 [40]; LASA scale of QOL [43, 44]; CQOLC [47, 48]; MPAI-4 [41, 42]; R-BANS [45, 46]; POMS [49]; BFI [50]
Sherer et al. (1997) [19]	Verbal and visual memory, intellectual, executive functions, language, motor, visual perception, mood. Also productivity status and level of independence were assessed.	Not specified

Description of the tests used in the studies taken into consideration and the principal domains assessed.
Studies are presented in chronological order of publication.
MMSE: Minimental State Examination [20]; TMT A TMT B: trail making test A+B [36]; FAB: Frontal Assessment Battery [22]; PM 47: Raven Progressive Matrices 47 [35]; ROCF-copy: Rey-Osterrieth Complex figure, copy [24]; ROC Freecall: Rey-Osterrieth Complex figure, recall [24]; CNTs: computerized neuropsychological tests [31]; K-MMSE: Korean version of MMSE [32]; K-MBI: Korean version of Modified Barthel Index [33]; ENPA-Esame Neuropsicologico per l’Afasia: The Neuropsychological Exam for Aphasia [34]; RAVLT: Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test [28, 29]; HVLT: Hopkins Verbal Learning Test [38]; COWA: Controlled Oral Word Association Test [39]; DART: Dutch Adult Reading Test; DMT: Drie-Minuten-Toets (Three-Minute Test); SCWT: Stroop Color-Word Test; LDST: Letter Digit Substitution Test; MST: Memory Scanning Test; VVLT: Visual Verbal Learning Test, direct and delayed recall; CST: Concept Shifting Test; CF: Category Fluency animals, from the GIT; DS: Digit Span; TEA: Test of Everyday Attention; LF: Letter Fluency, CT professions, from the GIT; BADS: Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome; CFS: Cognitive Functioning Scale from the MOS, burden (study-specific measure); CFQ: Cognitive Failure Questionnaire; SF-36: Short-Form 36 from the MOS; MFI: Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory; CIQ: Community Integration Questionnaire; FACT-BR1: Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy, brain version [40]; MPAI-4: the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 [41, 42]; R-BANS: Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status [45, 46]; LASA: Linear Analogue Self-Assessment scale of QOL [43, 44]; CQOLC: Caregiver QOL Index-Cancer [47, 48]; POMS: Profile of Mood States [49]; BFI: Brief Fatigue Inventory [50].