Microbial and Natural Metabolites That Inhibit Splicing: A Powerful Alternative for Cancer Treatment

Table 1

Molecular effects of different splicing inhibitors.

Splicing inhibitor	Cell line	Effect	Reference
FR9014 series	MCF-7	Induces G1 and G2/M arrest of the cell cycle	[9]
	HeLa	Inhibits the recognition of the branch point sequence	[10]
		Binding affinity to SAP145	[11]
		Arrest of SF3b	[12]
	MDA-MB-468	Interacts with SF3b subunit SAP145	[13]
Pladienolide	WiDr	Interacts with SF3b subunit SAP130	[13]
	HeLa	Interacts with SF3b. Remodeling of U2 snRNP to expose the branch point-binding region	[14]
Herboxidiene	Normal human fibroblast cell line WI-38.2	Induces G1 and G2/M arrest of the cell cycle	[15]
	HeLa	Causes arrest in G1 and G2/M phases and interacts with SF3b1 subunit SAP145	[16]
Trichostatin	WiDr	Interacts with SF3B subunit SAP130	[13]
Isoginkgetin	HT1080	Inhibition of Cathepsin K and MMP9	[17]
		Inhibits metalloproteinase MMP9 production and increases the synthesis of metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP-1	[18]
	HEK293	Stimulates IL-8 expression	[19]
	Thyroid cancer	Increases expression of specific IL-32 isoforms and stimulates the expression of IL-8 and CXCR1	[19]