Research Article
In Vitro Antimicrobial Bioassays, DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity, and FTIR Spectroscopy Analysis of Heliotropium bacciferum
Table 2
Antifungal activity of all extracts of Heliotropium bacciferum.
| Plant parts | Plant extracts (µg) | Zone of inhibition (mm) ± standard error mean | St. dev | Tested fungal strains | AN | AFL | AP | AO | AF |
| Leaves | Methanol | 17 ± 0.44 | 15 ± 0.38 | 14 ± 0.51 | 11 ± 0.54 | R | 3.899 | n-Hexane | 14 ± 0.52 | 17 ± 0.67 | 11 ± 0.70 | 16 ± 0.68 | 13 ± 0.53 | 2.387 | Chloroform | 12 ± 0.28 | 13 ± 0.53 | R | 16 ± 0.45 | 15 ± 0.49 | 3.507 | Ethyl acetate | 15 ± 0.43 | 17 ± 0.32 | 12 ± 0.46 | 17 ± 0.83 | 12 ± 0.61 | 2.510 | n-Butanol | 11 ± 0.43 | 14 ± 0.51 | R | 15 ± 0.57 | 10 ± 0.29 | 3.209 | Aqueous | 10 ± 0.27 | R | 9 ± 0.28 | 11 ± 0.25 | R | 1.789 |
| Flowers | Methanol | 14 ± 0.25 | 17 ± 0.63 | 12 ± 0.25 | 14 ± 0.60 | 11 ± 0.20 | 2.302 | n-Hexane | 17 ± 0.63 | 15 ± 0.48 | 13 ± 0.40 | 12 ± 0.27 | 15 ± 0.58 | 2.191 | Chloroform | 11 ± 0.26 | 14 ± 0.46 | R | 13 ± 0.35 | 11 ± 0.28 | 2.683 | Ethyl acetate | 16 ± 0.59 | 15 ± 0.59 | 11 ± 0.35 | 15 ± 0.44 | 10 ± 0.45 | 2.702 | n-Butanol | 13 ± 0.47 | 11 ± 0.23 | R | 16 ± 0.39 | 14 ± 0.23 | 3.421 | Aqueous | R | 12 ± 0.38 | 10 ± 0.31 | 9 ± 0.22 | R | 2.121 |
| Stem | Methanol | 16 ± 0.54 | 13 ± 0.42 | 15 ± 0.37 | 13 ± 0.48 | 15 ± 0.51 | 1.342 | n-Hexane | 13 ± 0.35 | 11 ± 0.31 | 16 ± 0.63 | 17 ± 0.54 | 12 ± 0.33 | 2.588 | Chloroform | 15 ± 0.54 | 16 ± 0.56 | R | 12 ± 0.27 | 14 ± 0.37 | 3.564 | Ethyl acetate | 12 ± 0.26 | 18 ± 0.50 | 14 ± 0.28 | 15 ± 0.55 | 16 ± 0.54 | 2.236 | n-Butanol | 15 ± 0.34 | R | R | 12 ± 0.26 | 11 ± 0.28 | 3.435 | Aqueous | R | R | 12 ± 0.22 | 10 ± 0.25 | R | 2.302 |
| Control | Clotrimazole | 24 ± 0.82 | 22 ± 0.87 | 20 ± 0.78 | 26 ± 0.79 | 22 ± 0.68 | 2.280 |
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Zone of Inhibition (mm) showing sensitivity. R: no inhibition zone (resistance); clotrimazole: 8 µg; α: standard deviations; AN: Aspergillus niger; AFL: Aspergillus flavus; AP: Aspergillus parasiticus; AO: Aspergillus oryzae; and AF: Aspergillus fumigatus.
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