Apolipoprotein E Gene Variants and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Table 1
Distribution of the CHD cases and controls selection in the studies of APOE gene polymorphisms and CHD risk.
First author (year)
Ethnic
Case distribution
Percentage (%)
Control distribution
Percentage (%)
HW (Pvalue)
NOS score
(1) Wang (2004)
Mongoloid (China)
146 cases of coronary heart disease confirmed by coronary angiography: 90 male cases and 56 females, mean ages 64 ± 11 years
30.0
340 control people had noncardiovascular disease and removed the body lipid metabolism disorder, cancer, and cerebrovascular disease population; 184 men and 156 women, mean age 63 ± 12 years
70.0
0.410
6
(2) Bai (2001)
Mongoloid (China)
All 65 patients with coronary heart disease patients were men, aged years on average
58.0
47 controls were noncardiovascular disease; mean age 46 ± 6 years
42.0
0.939
7
(3) Wang (2004)
Mongoloid (China)
110 cases were male and 76 females, aged 41 to 88 years, mean ages 65.0 ± 10.6 years
34.7
350 controls (185 males, 165 females), aged 40 to 87 years, mean 63.56 ± 8.32 years, were in the same hospital during the same period by the past medical history, physical examination, and ECG and other methods of noncardiac diagnosis of vascular disease cases
65.3
0.432
7
(4) Peng (2001)
Mongoloid (China)
213 cases of coronary heart disease and 52 cases of early-onset CHD and 161 cases of late CHD; early-onset group included 30 males and 22 females, mean age 47.4 ± 3.9 years; the late CHD group included 97 male cases and 64 female cases, mean age 69.8 ± 7.9 years
54.2
180 healthy persons acted as controls: 94 males and 86 females, mean age 53.1 ± 5.7 years
45.8
0.436
8
(5) Yang (2001)
Mongoloid (China)
204 cases of myocardial infarction and angina pectoris (coronary angiography showed stenosis greater than or equal to 70%) patients, 55 cases of early-onset group, the average age of 45.14 ± 8.18 years, 136 cases of late-onset group, the average age of 70.1 ± 6.4 years
60
136 control patients from the local companies and confirmed noncoronary heart disease; the average age of 52.15 ± 12.18 years
40
0.738
7
(6) Ouyang (2005)
Mongoloid (China)
A total of 200 cases of coronary heart disease; 105 cases were male and 95 cases were female; average age (63.6 ± 5.8) years
66.7
100 healthy people as control group: male 55 and female 45; average age 62.1 ± 7.8 years; no coronary heart disease symptoms; ECG and echocardiography tests were normal
33.3
0.399
7
(7) Heide (2009)
Caucasian (Germany)
121 cases of coronary heart disease: 100 cases of men, average age 33.7 ± 5.8 years; 21 females, mean age 39.1 ± 5.4 years
32.6
250 blood donors as controls, mean age 31.8 ± 6.7 years
67.4
0.529
8
(8) Kolovou (2009)
Caucasian (Greek)
359 cases were male patients with coronary heart disease; coronary angiography showed occlusion greater than or equal to 50%
59
248 health people were recruited as control, with no cardiovascular disease and no family history of cardiovascular disease
41
0.579
7
(9) Bahri (2008)
Caucasian (Tunisian)
80 cases (diagnosed after coronary angiography and ECG): 64 males and 16 females, mean age 57.42 ± 8.37 years; 56 were smoking, 51 had diabetes, 35 had hypertension, and 22 had high blood lipid
44.4
100 controls without coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases, and cases from the same region in which 24 men and 76 women were randomly selected
55.6
0.815
6
(10) Akanji (2007)
Caucasian (Kuwaiti)
50 cases had evidence of acute myocardial infarction, the average age of 54 years
43.5
65 controls were randomly selected blood donors; the average age was 39 years without CHD family history; physical examination and blood examination ruled out other systemic diseases
56.5
0.441
7
(11) Aydogan (2009)
Caucasian (Turkey)
41 cases: 19 women and 22 men have undergone coronary angiography; patients with atherosclerosis risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and smoking
55.4
33 controls: 12 males and 11 females, no family history of coronary heart disease and coronary heart disease symptoms
44.6
0.754
7
(12) Ranjith (2004)
Caucasian (India)
195 cases were patients with acute myocardial infarction
39.4
300 controls from the same community, without cardiovascular disease and no associated risk factors
60.6
<0.001
7
(13) Peng (2003)
Mongoloid (China)
150 cases were diagnosed after coronary angiography or myocardial infarction
48.9
157 control patients from the hospital’s medical examination, age and sex matched with cases
51.1
0.424
8
(14) Singh (2008)
Caucasian (India)
193 cases are diagnosed after coronary angiography; the average age of 54.94 ± 11.43 years
56.3
150 patients: 105 males and 45 females, mean age 53.42 ± 12.47 years
43.7
0.327
6
(15) Keavney (2003)
Caucasian
4484 cases of patients, mean age 50.5 ± 7.3 years, of which 1706 are smokers
43.8
5757 cases were of an average age of 45.7 ± 9.7 years, including 1151 smokers
56.2
0.463
8
(16) Freitas (2002)
Caucasian
640 cases were diagnosed by coronary angiography and (or) a history of myocardial infarction, mean age 44 ± 4 years, male 561, female 79, and 300 smokers
50.6
624 healthy people were randomly selected from the same community; no history of cardiovascular disease, mean age 40 ± 6 years, 322 men, 302 women, 183 smokers
49.4
0.767
8
(17) Kawakami (2001)
Mongoloid (Japan)
225 cases, of which 76 were vasospasm angina patients and 149 were ischemic heart disease, male 171, female 54
51.4
213 controls, average age 58.4 years, 152 male, 61 female; they were randomly selected from the hospital when they had an annual physical examination; no history of cardiovascular disease
48.6
0.510
7
(18) Attila (2001)
Caucasian (Turkey)
107 patients have undergone coronary angiography: 73 men and 34 women; the average age of 55.1 ± 10.2 years, 53 patients with hypertension, 22 with diabetes, 52 smokers
53.8
92 controls, after coronary angiography for the exclusion of noncoronary heart disease, of whom 51 were men and 41 women, average age 51.6 ± 9.5 years, 33 patients with hypertension, 6 with diabetes mellitus, 29 smokers
46.2
<0.001
6
(19) Kharrazi (2006)
Caucasian (Iran)
115 cases of 34 men and 81 women, mean age 54.4 ± 8.9 years
46
135 controls: 50 females and 85 males, mean age 55 ± 12.3 years
54
0.834
7
(20) Gamboa (2008)
Caucasian (Mexico)
156 patients, 124 males, 32 females, mean age 56.2 ± 9.8 years
43.8
200 controls: 150 males and 50 females, mean age 55.7 ± 4.16 years
56.2
<0.001
8
(21) Al-Yahyaee (2007)
Caucasian
67 cases who were diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis patients with coronary heart disease
27.5
177 controls were cases of noncoronary heart disease patients with rheumatoid arthritis
72.5
0.903
6
(22) Al-Bustan (2009)
Caucasian (Kuwaiti)
143 patients: 91 were males and 52 females; mean age was 60.88 ± 12.1 years
54.0
122 controls: 65 males and 57 females, mean age 57.18 ± 13.0 years
46.0
<0.001
6
(23) Vaisi-Raygani (2010)
Caucasian (Iran)
162 patients were diagnosed by angiographic documented CAD and without diabetes 89 males and 73 females, mean age 56.3 ± 8.5 years
47.5
179 unrelated control subjects: 88 males and 91 females, mean age 55.7 ± 12.9 years
52.5
0.035
7
(24) Corella (2011)
Caucasian (Spain)
534 cases were participants who developed an incident CHD event during follow-up
32.2
1123 controls were healthy matched subjects
67.8
0.169
8
(25) Fallah (2011)
Caucasian (Iran)
190 patients: 140 males and 50 females; age range: 49–70 years
48.7
200 controls: 100 males and 100 females, age range: 36–62 years
51.3
0.059
6
(26) Gustavsson (2012)
Caucasian (Sweden)
1735 CHD cases included the INTERGENE study with upper age limit of 75 years and the SHEEP study with age of 45–70 years
27.2
4654 controls: the INTERGENE study: 3614 people aged 25–74 years; the SHEEP study: 1561 control subjects free from earlier MI diagnosis and matched for age and sex
72.8
0.765
7
(27) Heidari (2013)
Caucasian (Iran)
66 patients with significant lesions, male gender 35, mean age ± SD 52.5 ± 7.9
52.4
60 controls with normal coronary artery, male gender 32, mean age ± SD 51.2 ± 7.1
47.6
<0.001
6
(28) Marrzoq (2011)
Caucasian (Czech)
69 subjects (24 female and 45 male) with coronary artery disease
50.4
68 controls: 35 female and 33 male
49.6
0.708
6
(29) Afroze (2015)
Caucasian (India)
200 CAD patients (130 female and 70 male) were recruited from a cohort of patients undergoing clinically indicated coronary angiography
30.8
450 control subjects (260 female and 190 male)
69.2
<0.001
8
(30) Sapkota (2015)
Caucasian (USA)
723 CAD patients were diagnosed by nitrate medication, electrocardiographic evidence of angina pain, coronary angiographic evidence of severe (greater than 50%) stenosis, or echocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction
37.4
1212 controls were healthy subjects without T2D or CAD
