Unilateral Opening of Rat Blood-Brain Barrier Assisted by Diagnostic Ultrasound Targeted Microbubbles Destruction

Figure 4

Histological changes after DUS exposure in brain parenchyma. The cerebral vascular space was widened with visible leakage of red blood cells by punctate or small pieces distributed evenly in the cortex, corpus callosum, and hippocampus at the DUS-exposed hemisphere under light microscope ((a) left 200x and right 400x). Erythrocytes extravasation grading: (A), 0; (B), 1; (C), 2; (D), 3; black arrows indicated erythrocyte extravasation; significantly higher erythrocytes extravasation grade was noted in the histogram at the DUS-exposed hemisphere compared to the control (c2), (c1) diagram of the observation locations in brain parenchyma, (b): (b1)–(b6) pathological changes at the DUS-exposed and contralateral hemispheres (400x): cortex ((b1) contralateral side and (b2) DUS-exposed side), corpus callosum ((b3) contralateral side and (b4) DUS-exposed side); and hippocampus ((b5) contralateral side and (b6) DUS-exposed side); black arrowheads, erythrocytes extravasations.