Shrimp Protein Hydrolysate Modulates the Timing of Proinflammatory Macrophages in Bupivacaine-Injured Skeletal Muscles in Rats

Figure 5

Time course of inflammatory cell accumulation in rat tibialis anterior muscle following bupivacaine injection. Transverse sections (10 μm) were immunoassayed with specific antibodies against neutrophils (W3/13) (a), ED1⁺-macrophages (b), or ED2⁺-macrophages (c). (d) shows the ratio of ED2⁺ relative to ED1⁺-cells at day 5 after injury. Labelled cells were counted at 400x magnification and expressed as a number of cells/mm³. Immunostained sections for ED1⁺-macrophages are also presented in (e); labelled ED1⁺-macrophages are identified by brown dots (e). Values are mean ± SEM (-8 rats per group/time point). Groups bearing different letters for a given time point are significantly different (). Ca, casein; CaH, casein hydrolysate; Shr, shrimp protein hydrolysate.

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