Efficacy of External Beam Radiation-Based Treatment plus Locoregional Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Associated with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis

Table 2

Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinicopathological factors affecting outcome of patients.

Factors	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
		Medium OS months (95% CI)	value	HR (95% CI)	value
Age (years)
55	50	7.1 (3.0–11.3)	0.560	—
55	99	9.7 (7.9–11.5)
Gender
Male	116	8.9 (7.0–10.9)	0.823	—
Female	33	9.4 (7.7–11.2)
Hepatitis B virus
Positive	82	8.9 (6.8–11.1)	0.299	—
Negative	67	9.9 (5.7–14.0)
Hepatitis C virus
Positive	54	9.3 (4.9–13.7)	0.424	—
Negative	95	9.4 (6.8–12.0)
Maximum tumor size
10 cm	119	10.1 (7.7–12.5)	0.003	1	0.855
10 cm	30	4.0 (1.7–6.3)		1.04 (0.66–1.66)
Serum AFP
400 ng/mL	80	11.7 (8.1–15.4)	0.008	1	0.016
400 ng/mL	69	6.1 (4.2–8.0)		1.52 (1.08–2.16)
Tumor number
Solitary	57	10.3 (7.4–13.1)	0.002	1	0.066
Multiple	92	8.5 (5.7–11.2)		1.41 (0.98–2.02)
Distribution of primary HCC
Unilobar	96	9.7 (7.4–11.9)	0.183	—
Bilobar	53	9.3 (8.3–10.3)
Portal vein thrombosis
Main portal trunk	56	6.1 (3.1–9.1)	0.142	—
Portal branch	93	9.9 (8.3–11.4)
ECOG
0,1	127	9.8 (8.4–11.2)	0.077	—
2	22	5.3 (3.5–7.1)
Total radiation dose
40 Gy	88	7.2 (4.3–10.1)	0.007	1.44 (0.99–2.10)	0.059
40 Gy	61	14.5 (8.9–20.1)		1
Radiotherapeutic response of PVTT
Yes	35	20.2 (12.5–28.0)	<0.0001	1	<0.0001
No	114	6.1 (3.6–8.6)		2.90 (1.85–4.56)
Additional locoregional therapy
Yes	60	16.3 (6.8–25.7)	<0.0001	1	<0.0001
No	89	5.5 (4.7–6.3)		2.65 (1.82–3.87)
Kinases inhibitor
Sorafenib	33	18.1 (8.4–27.7)	0.108	—
No	116	7.9 (5.4–10.5)
Additional chemotherapy
Yes	53	10.1 (8.8–17.4)	0.940	—
No	96	7.8 (4.8–10.8)

OS: overall survival; CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; AFP: alpha-fetoprotein; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; PVTT: portal vein tumor thrombosis.