Kinetics of Cardiac Output at the Onset of Exercise in Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension

Figure 1

Graphical representation of the 3 models used for CO data analysis. CO, cardiac output; time 0 (black dotted line) corresponds to exercise onset; the red line in panels (a), (b), and (c) corresponds to the 3 models description; the green point in panels (b) and (c) corresponds to the minimal CO output () determined for models 2 and 3, respectively. CO data of the PH patients were temporally aligned and superimposed. Analysis was performed individually for all subjects.

(a)

(b)

(c)