Structural Preservation Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Interlaminar Discectomy for L5-S1 Herniated Nucleus Pulposus

Figure 1

Surgical procedures. (a) Preoperative T2-weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI) shows the shoulder type disc herniation. (b) Preoperative T2-weighted MRI shows the axillar type disc herniation. (c) Ligamentum flavum vertical splitting performed using a dissector more laterally in shoulder type (A) and more caudally in axillar type (B). (d) and (e) Introduced the working channel bevel into the splitting area and rotated to widen the opening. And then we retract the thecal sac or root using working channel bevel in shoulder type (d) and axillar type (e).

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