Clinical Application of Antimicrobial Bone Graft Substitute in Osteomyelitis Treatment: A Systematic Review of Different Bone Graft Substitutes Available in Clinical Treatment of Osteomyelitis

Table 1

Characteristics of included products.

Product name	Composition	Antimicrobial mechanism	Antibiotic type
Osteoset-T	Alpha-hemihydrate calcium sulphate	Antibiotic impregnated bone graft substitute	Tobramycin
Perossal	Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (51.5%) and calcium sulphate (48.5%)	Antibiotic impregnated bone graft substitute	Different types of antibiotics (surgeon’s choice)
BonAlive	Bioactive glass S53P4 (53% SiO2, 4% P2O5, 23% Na2O, and 20% CaO)	Release of surface ions causing increase of pH and osmotic pressure	None
Herafill-G	Calcium sulphate and calcium carbonate	Antibiotic impregnated bone graft substitute	Gentamicin