Human Endogenous Retroviruses-K (HML-2) Expression Is Correlated with Prognosis and Progress of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Table 1

Association of HERV-K expression with clinical parameters in HCC.

Characteristics		HERV-K relative expression (−log)
		Mean ± SD
Tissue			−8.224	<0.001
HCC	84	5.94 ± 0.83
Adjacent noncancerous liver	84	6.49 ± 0.72
Gender			0.306	0.240
Male	78	5.95 ± 0.86
Female	6	5.84 ± 0.32
Age			−0.130	0.320
<55	40	5.84 ± 1.00
≧55	44	6.02 ± 0.67
Smoking			1.280	0.204
Negative	43	6.05 ± 0.69
Positive	41	5.82 ± 0.95
Alcoholism			1.662	0.100
Negative	25	5.70 ± 1.18
Positive	59	6.03 ± 0.63
Differentiation			2.601	0.011
High/moderate	59	6.05 ± 0.68
Low	15	5.43 ± 1.23
Missing	10
Size			1.693	0.095
<10 cm	53	6.01 ± 0.85
≧10 cm	23	5.66 ± 0.76
Missing	8
Tumor nodes			−0.728	0.469
Single	66	5.91 ± 0.88
Multi	10	6.12 ± 0.61
Missing	8
TNM stage			2.144	0.035
I~II	34	6.12 ± 0.78
III~IV	42	5.72 ± 0.84
Missing	8
HBV DNA (IU/mL)			0.861	0.394
<500	17	5.90 ± 0.68
≧500	34	5.68 ± 0.95
Missing	33
Cirrhosis			−2.181	0.044
Negative	34	6.11 ± 0.65
Positive	14	5.39 ± 1.17
Missing	36
AFP (ng/mL)			−0.137	0.891
<200	41	5.93 ± 0.94
≧200	35	5.95 ± 0.75
Missing	8
ALT (u/L)			0.958	0.341
<46	48	6.00 ± 0.76
≧46	32	5.81 ± 0.96
Missing	4
AST (u/L)			0.642	0.523
<46	45	5.97 ± 0.66
≧46	35	5.86 ± 1.04
Missing	4

Data are mean ± SD. and .
A paired -test was used with the analysis of the differences between HCC and adjacent noncancerous liver. Independent -tests were applied to the rest of data.