A New Neurocognitive Interpretation of Shoulder Position Sense during Reaching: Unexpected Competence in the Measurement of Extracorporeal Space

Table 1

Demographic and clinical data of participants at baseline. Mean and standard deviation for clinical scores are reported with an assessment of the statistical significance of comparisons.

Baseline data	HI; (); (mean +/− SD)	IG; (); (mean +/− SD)	value	Test
Age [years]	64,52 +/− 6,98	68,36 +/− 6,54	0,047
Body mass index = BMI [kg/m^2]	24,94 +/− 3,05	26,87 +/− 3,97	0,082
Constant-Murley score, pain	14,76 +/− 0,43	7,76 +/− 4,00	<0,001
Constant-Murley score, daily life activities	19,60 +/− 0,98	11,32 +/− 3,60	<0,001
Constant-Murley score, ROM	39,52 +/− 0,85	28,72 +/− 9,08	<0,001
Constant-Murley score, strength	20,08 +/− 4,03	6,40 +/− 3,88	<0,001
Constant-Murley score, total	93,97 +/− 4,23	54,20 +/− 16,61	<0,001
Dash score	4,76 +/− 7,01	53,24 +/− 20,48	<0,001
VAS [cm]	0,52 +/− 0,74	4,67 +/− 2,46	<0,001
Employment rate [%]	68%	44%	—	nc
Qualitative variables	(%)	(%)
Gender
Male	16 (64%)	9 (36%)	0,048
Female	9 (36%)	16 (64%)
School attendance
Basic school	0 (0%)	1 (4%)	—	nc
Middle school	7 (28%)	13 (52%)
High school	11 (44%)	11 (44%)
Graduated	7 (28%)	0 (0%)

value by Mann–Whitney test.
value by chi-square test.
nc: not computable.