Functional Roles of NOD1 in Odontoblasts on Dental Pulp Innate Immunity

Figure 1

Constitutive expression of NOD1 and NOD2 in rat KN-3 cells and chemokine production in iE-DAP- and TNF-α-stimulated KN-3 cells. (a) The constitutive expression of NOD1 and NOD2 in KN-3 cells was assessed by flow cytometry. The results are representative of four different experiments demonstrating similar results. (b, c) KN-3 cells were stimulated with iE-DAP (10 μg mL⁻¹), iE-Lys (10 μg mL⁻¹), MDP (10 μg mL⁻¹), or TNF-α (0.01 μg mL⁻¹) for 24 h. The detection of cytokines and chemokines produced in the cell culture supernatants was performed using a Rat Cytokine Antibody Array. (b) The results shown are representative images of two independent experiments with similar results. (c) Densitometric analysis of various chemokine production levels. Bars indicate the relative densitometric intensities after the values were normalized with both positive and negative controls and background using ImageJ software. In particular, positive controls were used to normalize the values from different membranes being compared. Values represent the means ± SDs of two independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences ( and ) versus nonstimulated control group.

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