Hepatitis E Virus in Industrialized Countries: The Silent Threat

Table 1

Seroprevalence values reported among general population and blood donors in different European countries.

Country	Group	Number of  samples (year)	Assay	Seroprevalence	Reference
UK	GP	1591 (2004)	FD	13%	[25]
		1140 (1991)		13.5%
Southwest England	BD	487	W	15.8%	[26]
Scotland	BD	1559	W	4.7%	[27]
Ireland	BD	1076	W	5.3%	[28]
Norway	BD	1200	W	14%	[29]
France	BD	10569	W	22.4%	[30]
Southwestern France	BD	512	W	52.2%	[31]
Denmark	BD	504	W	19.8%	[32]
			NIH	10.7%
Netherlands	BD	5239	W	26.7%	[33]
Spain	GP	1280	BK	7.3%	[34]
Spain	GP	2305	HA	2.17%	[35]
Spain	BD	1082	W	19.97%	[36]
			MK	10.72%
Germany	GP	1092 (2011)	Ax	34.3%	[37]
		1092 (1996)		50.7%
Germany	GP	4422	rL	16.8%	[38]
Southwest Switzerland	BD	550	MP	4.9%	[39]
			DP	4.2%
			FD	21.8%
Greece	BD	265	Adaltis	9.43%	[40]

GP = general population.
BD = blood donors.
Assays: FD = Fortress Diagnostics (identical to Wantai), W = Wantai, NIH = NIH in-house assay, BK = Biokit, HA = HEV Ab, MK = Mikrogen ELISA test, Ax = Axcom, MP = MP Diagnostics, DP/A = Dia.Pro/Adaltis, and rL = recomLine Mikrogen (Western Blot).