The Role of Adenosine A_2A Receptor, CYP450s, and PPARs in the Regulation of Vascular Tone

Figure 1

Illustration pathways of AR and A₁AR induced in mice aorta. AR induced demonstrates the involvement of CYP-epoxygenase which generates EETs from AA. EETs have substantial involvement in vascular relaxation and they undergo two pathways: (1) they are converted via sEH to DHETs which are inactive or less active metabolites and (2) they activate PPARγ which is involved in other signaling pathways in vascular relaxation. By contrast, A₁AR induced illustrates the involvement of ω-hydroxylases which utilize AA to form 20-HETE. Then, 20-HETE activates PPARα to produce vascular contraction. Different protein targets were probed using pharmacological agonists and antagonists to investigate the possible mechanism and signaling approaches (refer to Table 1 for drugs information). The solid line represents the reported pathways whereas the dashed line shows investigation still underway.