Review Article

Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation and Its Effect on Bond Strength to Dentin

Table 1

Summary of researches carried out to study the effect of sodium hypochlorite on bond strength to dentin.

AuthorTechniqueForm of NaOClConcentration of NaOCl (%)Time of application of NaOCl (min)Bond strength testSource of dentin, locationType of adhesiveMaterial bonded to dentinEffect of NaOCl on bond strength in comparison to control

Wakabayashi et al [20]After etching with 40% H2SO410TensileIncrease

Vargas et al. [21]After etching with 37% H3PO452ShearHuman 3rd molars, coronal dentinAll Bond 2 (AB2) Z100 (composite resin) Increase 
Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP)No change

Prati et al. [22]After etching with 35% H3PO4 for 20 sGel1.52Shear (immediate)Human 3rd molars, coronal dentinOptibond FL 
Scotchbond MP 
Single Bond 
Prime & Bond 2
Z100 (composite resin)Increase 
Decrease 
Decrease 
No change

Ari et al. [23]Before bondingSolution55MicrotensileHuman single rooted tooth, root canal dentin (after filling root canal, they were sectioned into 1 mm thick slabs from CEJ to apex)C&B Metabond 
Panavia F
Variolink II 
Rely-X
C&B Metabond 
Panavia F 
Variolink II
Rely-X  

Decrease 

No change

Stevens [24] Before bondingSolution620Shear (immediate) Human molars & premolars, coronal dentinVariolink II (total-etch) Ceramic rod etched with 4.9% HFl acid for 20 s and silanated with Monobond Plus for 1 minNo change 
Clearfil SA Cement (self-etch) Decrease 
Clearfil Esthetic Cement EX (self-etch) No change 
Speed CEM (self-etch, self-adhesive) Decrease
Multilink (self-etch, self-adhesive)No change

Ishizuka et al. [25]Before bondingSolution6 v/v1,5 & 10Push-out shearBovine mandibular 1st & 2nd incisors, root canal dentin (after filling root canal with gutta-percha, a truncated cone cavity of 4 mm diameter & 2.5 mm height within coronal part of the root was prepared. Cavity was then filled and sectioned into 1 mm thick slabs)Clearfil Mega Bond (self-etch primer) 
Single Bond (total-etch)
Clearfil AP-X (composite resin) Decrease 
No change

Frankenberger et al. [26]After etchingPush-outHuman 3rd molars, coronal dentin(i) Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus (total-etch) 
(ii) EBS (tot al-etch)   
(iii) Solid Bond (total-etch)  
(iv) Prime & Bond 2.1 (self-etching, self- adhesive)  
(v) Syntac Sprint (self-etch, self -adhesive)
Each adhesive used with its corresponding composite resinDecrease

Nikaido et al. [27]Before bonding51TensileBovine root canal dentinSingle Bond (total etch) Decrease 
Superbond C&B (self-cure) Decrease
Clearfil Liner Bond II (self-etch primer)No change

Vongphan et al. [28]Before bondingSolution5.2510MicrotensileHuman 3rd molars, pulp chamber dentin (cavity in pulp chamber was filled & sectioned vertically into 0.8 mm thick slabs that were trimmed into dumbbell shaped specimens)Single Bond (total-etch)Z250 (composite resin)Decrease

Perdigão et al. [29] After etching with 34% H3PO4 for 15sGel101/4, 1/2, & 1ShearBovine, coronal dentinPrime & Bond NT (total-etch) Surefil (composite resin) Decrease with time
Single Bond (total-etch)Z100 (composite resin)

Morris et al. [30]Before bondingSolution515–20TensileHuman maxillary incisors and mixed canines, root canal dentin (after filling root canal, they were sectioned into 1 mm thick slabs from CEJ to apex)C&B MetabondC&B MetabondDecrease

Soeno et al. [31]After etching with 40% H3PO4Gel10TensileBovine, coronal dentinCarboxylic (4-META/MMA-TBB) resin 
Superbond C&B (10-3/SB)
Sandblasted stainless steel rodsDecrease

CEJ: cementoenamel junction; HFl: hydrofluoric acid.