Recent Advances of Curcumin in the Prevention and Treatment of Renal Fibrosis

Table 1

The effects of curcumin in renal fibrosis models.

Animal model	Induction of renal injury (route and dose)	Route and dose	Course of treatment	Reference
Streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats	Intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg BW)	Oral gavage, 100 mg/kg (body weight) BW	12 weeks	[14]
STZ-induced diabetic rats		Oral gavage, 100 mg/kg BW	12 weeks	[21]
STZ-induced diabetic rats		Oral gavage, 150 mg/kg BW	12 weeks	[22]
STZ-induced diabetic rats.	Intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg BW in 20 mM citrate buffer, pH 4.5)	Oral gavage, 100 mg/kg BW	8 weeks	[15]
5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) rats	The upper and lower thirds of the left kidney and the whole right kidney were ligated and excised by surgery	Oral gavage, 75 mg/kg BW	8 weeks	[16]
5/6 Nx rats		Oral gavage, 75 mg/kg BW	10 weeks	[23]
5/6 Nx rats		Oral gavage, 60 and 120 mg/kg BW	7 days before and 60 days after 5/6 NX	[24]
5/6 Nx rats		Oral gavage, 120 mg/kg BW	30 days after 5/6 NX	[24]
Immune-complex-mediated glomerulonephritis	Intraperitoneal injection with 4 mg horse spleen apoferritin daily for 5 weeks	Intraperitoneal injection, 30 mg/kg BW	5 weeks	[19]
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced renal inflammation mice	Intraperitoneal injection of LPS at the dose of 1 mg/kg BW or 5 mg/kg BW	Intraperitoneal injection, 1 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg BW	3 days	[20]
LPS induced kidney inflammation mice	Intraperitoneal injection with LPS (5 mg/kg body weight (BW))	Injection with curcumin (5 mg/kg) for 3 days before being injected with LPS	3 days	[25]
Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of renal injury	The left ureter was ligated at two points with 3-0 silk	Turmeric-based diet with turmeric powder in a dose of 5% w/w	30 days	[26]
UUO male C57 mice	The left ureter was ligated with 4-0 silk	Gastrogavage, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW	2 weeks	[27]
Anti-Thy  1 glomerulonephritis model	Injected with the monoclonal antibody OX-7 at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg BW	Intraperitoneal injection, 10 to 200 mg/kg BW	Days 3 to 5	[28]
Selenium-induced oxidative stress rats	Intraperitoneal injection with selenium 15 μM/kg BW	Oral gavage, 75 mg/kg BW	16 days	[29]
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) rats	10 mg/kg furosemide IM + 10 mg/kg indomethacin IP + 10 mL/kg iomeprol IV was administered on the 5th day following 24 h dehydration under mild sevoflurane anesthesia	Oral gavage, 200 mg/kg BW	10 days	[30]
Cisplatin (CIS) induced nephrotoxicity	Intraperitoneal injection, 5 mg/kg CIS	Oral gavage, 200 mg/kg BW	Three doses (30 min before and 24 and 48 hours after CIS injection)	[31]
Cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity male rats	Subcutaneous injection of CsA dissolved in olive oil in a dose of 20 mg/kg BW daily	Oral gavage, 15 mg/kg BW	21 days	[32]