Genetic Variants in the Hedgehog Interacting Protein Gene Are Associated with the FEV1/FVC Ratio in Southern Han Chinese Subjects with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Table 1
Demographic characteristics in COPD patients and controls.
Variables
Study Ι
Study ΙΙ
Combined
Cases
Controls
Cases
Controls
Case
Control
()
()
()
()
()
()
± sd
± sd
± sd
± sd
± sd &
± sd
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
Age (years)
60.2 ± 9.9
60.6 ± 7.5
0.597
62.2 ± 9.5
61.3 ± 8.6
0.162
0.201
61.0 ± 9.7
60.9 ± 8.5
0.807
Gender, male (%)
516 (86.8)
497 (82.9)
0.186
339 (85.8)
208 (52.1)
<0.001
<0.001
855 (86.4)
705 (70.6)
<0.001
FEV1 (L)
0.98 ± 0.54
2.43 ± 0.56
<0.001
0.92 ± 0.37
2.47 ± 0.54
<0.001
0.051
0.96 ± 0.37
2.44 ± 0.55
<0.001
FEV1 predict pre- (%)
42.2 ± 20.5
94.3 ± 15.7
<0.001
41.8 ± 18.3
95.7 ± 14.6
<0.001
0.221
42.1 ± 18.2
94.8 ± 15.3
<0.001
FEV1/FVC (%)
46.9 ± 17.7
81.4 ± 6.8
<0.001
46.7 ± 16.9
81.7 ± 6.4
<0.001
0.536
46.8 ± 16.9
81.5 ± 6.7
<0.001
Pack-years
42.1 ± 27.6
16.9 ± 13.3
<0.001
35.6 ± 20.9
10.8 ± 4.9
<0.001
0.001
39.4 ± 19.5
14.4 ± 8.6
<0.001
Smoking status
<0.001
<0.001
0.092
<0.001
Smoker
74 (12.5)
179 (29.9)
45 (11.4)
118 (9.6)
119 (12.0)
297 (29.7)
Ex-smoker
421 (70.9)
6 (1.0)
282 (71.4)
3 (0.8)
703 (71.1)
9 (0.9)
Nonsmoker
99 (16.6)
415 (69.1)
68 (17.2)
278 (9.6)
167 (16.9)
693 (69.4)
GLI
0.479
Mild
89 (15.0)
66 (16.7)
155 (15.7)
Moderate
94 (15.8)
62 (15.7)
156 (15.8)
Moderately severe
224 (37.7)
144 (36.5)
368 (37.2)
Severe
187 (31.5)
123 (31.1)
310 (31.3)
values for a two-sided test or -test; values for the test of homogeneity by Breslow-Day test or test; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second; -BD: prebronchodilator; FVC: forced vital capacity; in bold is .
