Nanomedicine for Inner Ear Diseases: A Review of Recent In Vivo Studies

Table 2

Studies attempting to deliver actual drugs to the inner ear using nanoparticles.

Nanoparticle	Size of nanoparticle	Animal	Administration route	Loaded drug or gene	Evaluation time	Evaluation of nanoparticle uptake
PEG-PLA NP [22]	Not described	Guinea pig, deafened with cisplatin	Intraperitoneal	Dexamethasone	At 3 days	ABR and morphology
PEG-PLA NP [23]	130 ± 4.78 nm	Guinea pig, deafened with cisplatin	Intratympanic	Dexamethasone	At 3 days	ABR and morphology
Multimicellar NP [24]	120.8~159.9 nm	Wistar rats, deafened with cisplatin	Intratympanic	6α-methylprednisolone	At 3 days	ASSR
PLGA NP [25]	135 nm with a PDI of 0.17	Guinea pigs	Intratympanic	Salvianolic acid B, tanshinone IIA, and total panax notoginsenoside	At several predetermined time points within 96 h	HPLC of perilymph
PLGA NP [26]	154 nm with PDI 0.007	Guinea pigs	Intratympanic	Salvianolic acid B, tanshinone IIA, and total panax notoginsenoside	At several predetermined time points within 36 h	HPLC of blood, perilymph, CSF, and brain tissue
PLGA-magnetite-NP [27]	482.8 ± 158 nm	Guinea pigs	Intratympanic	Dexamethasone acetate	At 30 min	HPLC of perilymph, RWM, and inner ear tissue
Cubic liquid crystalline NP [28]	138.6~210.9 nm	Guinea pigs	Intratympanic	Earthworm fibrinolytic enzyme	At several predetermined time points within 24 h	Fluorescence microscope and spectrophotometer

NP: nanoparticle; ABR: auditory brainstem response; PEG-PLA: polyethylene glycol-coated polylactic acid; ASSR: auditory steady-state responses; RWM: round window membrane.