Design, Implementation, and Study Protocol of a Kindergarten-Based Health Promotion Intervention

Table 1

Overview of main analysis of the two treatment groups.

(a) Main outcomes

Outcome	Statistical analysis
Change in variables for nutrition (consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, fruit, vegetables, high-calorie food; all variables are ordinal)	GEE model for follow-up measurement
Change in child’s time spent with screen media (hours per week, ordinal/quasi-continuous variables)	GEE model for follow-up measurement
Change in child’s physical activity/energy expenditure (physical activity: dichotomous, energy expenditure: continuous variables)	GEE model for follow-up measurement
Change in health knowledge and attitude of parents and kindergarten teachers (nominal/ordinal variables)	GEE model for follow-up measurement

(b) Secondary outcomes

Outcome	Statistical analysis
Change in anthropometric parameters (waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, BMI, subcutaneous fat; all variables are continuous)	GEE model for difference between follow-up and baseline
Change in child’s quality of life (EQ5D-Y Proxy Version, KINDL parent’s version; continuous variables)	GEE model for difference between follow-up and baseline
Child: change in days sick leave, doctor’s consultation, hospitalisation; parents: absence from work due to children’s illness (continuous variables)	GEE model for difference between follow-up and baseline
Change in child’s motor skills (continuous variables)	GEE model for difference between follow-up and baseline
Environment of kindergarten and change in environment of kindergarten (continuous and categorical variables; measured on kindergarten level)	-test or Wilcoxon test as appropriate, respectively, -test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate for baseline and difference between follow-up and baseline
Change in laboratory parameters (saliva, cheek swab): metabolic and inflammatory parameters, for example, IL-6, TNFα, leptin, epigenetic investigation (continuous variables)	GEE model for difference between follow-up and baseline