Uric Acid Induces Endothelial Dysfunction by Activating the HMGB1/RAGE Signaling Pathway

Figure 3

A high concentration of UA (20 mg/dL) activates NF-κB and inflammation signals in HUVECs. (a) UA significantly decreased the expression of NF-κB in the cytoplasm of HUVECs and significantly increased the expression of NF-κB in the nucleus of HUVECs in a time-dependent manner. (b) UA significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in HUVECs in a time-dependent manner. (c) UA significantly increased the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 release from HUVECs. Data are expressed as means ± SD, , versus 0 h group.

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(b)

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