Comparison of Activator-Headgear and Twin Block Treatment Approaches in Class II Division 1 Malocclusion
Table 3
Pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) values of the investigated variables in the Twin Block (TB) and activator-headgear (AH) groups.
TB
AH
T1
T2
T1
T2
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
NSBa
131.0 ± 4.5
130.9 ± 4.6
0.752
0.065
128.3 ± 5.1
127.4 ± 5.0
0.014
0.476
SNA
80.1 ± 3.2
79.8 ± 3.6
0.118
0.315
81.8 ± 2.8
81.7 ± 2.7
0.432
0.161
SNB
74.2 ± 3.0
75.3 ± 3.3
<0.001
0.751
76.2 ± 2.5
77.4 ± 2.5
<0.001
0.835
ANB
5.9 ± 1.6
4.4 ± 1.7
<0.001
0.751
5.7 ± 1.7
4.2 ± 1.7
<0.001
0.899
A-NPg
4.9 ± 2.1
3.7 ± 2.3
<0.001
0.661
4.2 ± 2.2
2.9 ± 2.4
<0.001
0.831
NL/NSL
7.9 ± 2.9
7.6 ± 3.1
0.359
0.187
5.4 ± 2.5
5.2 ± 2.6
0.420
0.165
MP/NSL
35.2 ± 4.7
35.3 ± 5.2
0.925
0.019
33.3 ± 5.0
32.4 ± 4.7
0.011
0.488
MP/NL
27.3 ± 4.5
27.7 ± 4.8
0.431
0.162
27.9 ± 4.6
27.2 ± 4.6
0.086
0.343
FA/NBa
86.1 ± 3.4
86.3 ± 3.7
0.614
0.104
87.5 ± 3.7
87.8 ± 4.0
0.299
0.212
UFH
47.7 ± 3.0
49.3 ± 3.4
0.001
0.597
46.2 ± 4.8
46.7 ± 3.3
0.534
0.128
LFH
56.8 ± 4.5
59.9 ± 4.7
<0.001
0.784
57.3 ± 5.7
58.8 ± 4.4
0.154
0.288
UFH/LFH
84.4 ± 8.0
82.8 ± 7.2
0.014
0.474
80.7 ± 4.9
79.6 ± 5.3
0.157
0.286
Co-A
81.0 ± 5.3
83.0 ± 4.3
0.016
0.467
83.0 ± 8.2
82.6 ± 4.2
0.799
0.053
Co-Gn
99.9 ± 6.1
105.0 ± 6.3
<0.001
0.768
102.6 ± 10.4
105.1 ± 6.0
0.162
0.283
Max Mand diff
18.9 ± 3.1
22.0 ± 4.3
<0.001
0.743
19.6 ± 3.6
22.4 ± 3.5
<0.001
0.784
−1/MP
97.7 ± 7.4
100.7 ± 7.4
0.002
0.572
95.5 ± 7.6
96.1 ± 6.4
0.456
0.153
+1/NSL
107.6 ± 7.1
100.5 ± 6.4
<0.001
0.803
110.1 ± 6.7
102.7 ± 6.3
<0.001
0.772
−1/A-Pg angle
22.0 ± 5.8
27.5 ± 5.2
<0.001
0.765
21.0 ± 7.3
23.7 ± 5.1
0.002
0.583
+1/A-Pg angle
38.5 ± 5.5
28.9 ± 4.7
<0.001
0.893
37.9 ± 5.6
27.5 ± 5.2
<0.001
0.867
−1/A-Pg distance
0.3 ± 2.0
2.6 ± 1.7
<0.001
0.875
0.0 ± 2.3
1.4 ± 2.0
<0.001
0.775
+1/A-Pg distance
9.3 ± 1.9
6.4 ± 1.9
<0.001
0.915
9.2 ± 2.0
5.6 ± 2.0
<0.001
0.861
Gl′-Sn-Pg′
20.3 ± 5.3
18.2 ± 5.6
0.002
0.583
18.5 ± 5.8
16.4 ± 5.2
0.002
0.586
Cm-Sn-Ls
116.9 ± 11.9
118.1 ± 10.2
0.589
0.111
107.7 ± 8.5
113.8 ± 11.3
0.005
0.533
Li-E
0.1 ± 2.5
−0.5 ± 2.5
0.120
0.313
−0.6 ± 3.5
−1.5 ± 2.8
0.020
0.455
Ls-E
−0.5 ± 2.0
−2.2 ± 2.0
<0.001
0.701
−0.1 ± 2.2
−1.9 ± 2.4
<0.001
0.823
Li-S
1.1 ± 2.4
0.7 ± 2.3
0.327
0.200
0.7 ± 3.3
−0.1 ± 2.8
0.050
0.389
Ls-S
1.3 ± .7
−0.2 ± 1.6
<0.001
0.661
2.0 ± 2.0
0.1 ± 2.2
<0.001
0.861
OJ
9.0 ± 2.5
3.8 ± 1.8
<0.001
0.956
9.2 ± 2.3
4.3 ± 1.9
<0.001
0.888
Paired samples -test. Effect size calculated by using the formula . Cohen criteria for interpretation of effect size were used: = small effect size, 0.3–0.5 = medium, and >0.5 = large.
