Identification of Clostridium difficile Asymptomatic Carriers in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Table 2
Antibiotic use in cases and controls.
Factors
Total ()
Cases
Controls
Odds ratio (95% CI)
Antibiotic use before Clostridium difficile testing
79 (80.6)
42 (85.7)
37 (75.5)
1.71 (0.62, 5.14)
(0.359)
Clindamycin
4 (4.1)
2 (4.1)
2 (4.1)
1.00 (0.07, 13.80)
>0.999
Metronidazole
8 (8.2)
5 (10.2)
3 (6.1)
1.67 (0.32, 10.73)
(0.724)
Polymyxin
2 (2.0)
2 (4.1)
0 (0.0)
—
(0.480)
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
7 (7.1)
3 (6.1)
4 (8.2)
0.67 (0.06, 5.82)
>0.999
Penicillins
7 (7.1)
5 (10.2)
2 (4.1)
2.50 (0.41, 26.25)
0.450
Cephalosporins
30 (30.6)
14 (28.6)
16 (32.7)
0.80 (0.27, 2.25)
0.814
Fluoroquinolones
13 (13.3)
2 (4.1)
11 (22.4)
0.01 (0.00, 0.51)
0.008
Carbapenems
17 (17.3)
11 (22.4)
6 (12.2)
2.25 (0.63, 10.0)
0.267
Aminoglycosides
3 (3.1)
3 (6.1)
0 (0.0)
—
0.248
Macrolides
9 (9.2)
4 (8.2)
5 (10.2)
0.67 (0.06, 5.82)
>0.999
IV glycopeptides
20 (20.4)
17 (34.7)
3 (6.1)
5.67 (1.64, 30.18)
0.004
Period of antibiotic use
—
0.001
Current admission
58 (74.4)
22 (52.4)
36 (100.0)
One week prior to admission
20 (25.6)
20 (47.6)
0 (0.0)
IV = intravenous. Pair matched odds ratio with 95% CI [confidence interval] (impossible to calculate where there are no controls exposed, signaled by “—”). values were obtained by McNemar’s test.
