The Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Muscle in Humans: A Meta-Analysis of Anatomical Studies with Clinical and Evolutionary Implications

Table 1

Characteristics of the included studies.

Studies	Population	Study type	Age (y)	Sample size: subjects	Male	Female	Sample size: legs	Right	Left
Adachi, 1909	Japanese	Cadaveric	Adults	—	—	—	630	—	—
Ashaolu et al., 2013	Nigerian	Clinical	16–25	100	47	53	200	100	100
Bertelli and Khoury, 1991	French	Cadaveric	Adults	22	—	—	44	22	22
Bhatt et al., 2010	Indian	Cadaveric	Adults	—	—	—	94	—	—
Bourdon and Petitdant, 2012	French	Clinical	20.43	86	26	60	86	—	—
de Gusmão et al., 2013	Brazilian	Cadaveric	Adults	—	—	—	64	32	32
Domagala et al., 2003	Polish	Cadaveric	Fetuses	33	—	—	66	33	33
Domagala et al., 2006	Polish	Cadaveric	Fetuses	193	96	97	386	193	193
Ercikti et al., 2016	Turkish	Cadaveric	Adults	17 (+11 legs)	—	—	44	23	21
Johnson, 1973	Caucasians (94%)	Cadaveric	Adults	31 (+19 legs)	42	39	81	40	41
Joshi et al., 2006	Indian	Cadaveric	Adults	110	—	—	220	110	110
Kaneff, 1980	French	Cadaveric	Fetuses	—	—	—	34	10	24
Koganei et al., 1903	Japanese	Cadaveric	Adults	—	—	—	308	—
Krammer et al., 1979	Austrian	Cadaveric	Adults	—	—	—	169	—	—
Larico and Jordan, 2005	Bolivian	Cadaveric	Adults	46	—	—	92	46	46
Le Double, 1897	French	Cadaveric	Adults	120	60	60	240	120	120
Loth, 1913	African	Cadaveric	Adults	56	—	—	112	56	56
Marin et al., 2006	Brazilian	Cadaveric	Adults	16	16	0	32	16	16
Nakano, 1923	Chinese	Cadaveric	Adults	39 (+6 legs)	39	6	84	40	44
Oyedun et al., 2014	Nigerian	Clinical	15–70	169	115	54	338	169	169
Posmykiewicz, 1934	Polish (907)	Clinical	Adults	1000	598	402	2000	1000	1000
	Jews (93)
Ramirez et al., 2010	Chilean	Clinical	18–26	168	68	100	336	168	168
Reimann, 1981	German	Cadaveric	Adults	—	—	—	200	—	—
Rourke et al., 2007	British	Cadaveric	Adults	41	22	19	82	41	41
Schwalbe and Pfitzner, 1894	German/French	Cadaveric	Adults	—	363	174	537	273	264
Sokolowska-Pituchowa et al., 1974	Polish	Cadaveric	Adults	—	—	—	101
Sokolowska-Pituchowa et al., 1979	Polish	Cadaveric	Fetuses	42	—	—	84	42	42
Stevens et al., 1993	British	Cadaveric	62–100	—	20	20	40	35	5
Surekha et al., 2015	Indian	Cadaveric	45–70	50	50	0	100	50	50
Verma and Seema, 2015	Indian	Cadaveric	30–70	30	28	2	60	30	30
Werneck, 1957	Caucasian (mainly) and Black	Cadaveric	5 months–62 y	45	—	—	90	45	45
Witvrouw et al., 2006	Belgian	Clinical	17–21	100	50	50	200	100	100
Wood, 1866	British	Cadaveric	Adults	32	28	4	64	32	32
Wood, 1867	British	Cadaveric	Adults	34	22	12	68	34	34
Wood, 1868	British	Cadaveric	Adults	36	18	18	72	36	36