Isolation, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Associated with Waterpipe Contaminants in Selected Area of Saudi Arabia

Table 3

Antibiotics susceptibility against selected Gram-negative bacteria.

Antimicrobial agents

Bacteria

Escherichia coli

Klebsiella oxytoca

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas putida

Enterobacter cloacae complex

MIC

Inter

MIC

Inter

MIC

Inter

MIC

Inter

MIC

Inter

MIC

Inter

ESBL

NEG

—

NEG

—

NEG

—

NEG

—

NEG

—

NEG

—

Ampicillin

≥32

R

≥32

R

≥32

R

≥32

R

≥32

R

16

I

Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid

16

I

≤2

S

≥32

R

≥32

R

≥32

R

≤2

R

Piperacillin/tazobactam

64

I

≤4

S

16

R

8

I

32

I

≤4

S

Cefaxitin

16

I

≤2

S

≥64

R

16

I

16

I

≤2

R

Cefoxitin

≤4

S

≤4

S

≥64

R

≥64

R

≥64

R

8

R

Ceftazidime

≤1

S

≤1

S

4

R

4

S

8

S

≤1

S

Ceftriaxone

≤1

S

≤1

S

32

R

≥64

R

32

I

≤1

S

Cefepime

≤1

S

≤1

S

2

I

2

S

2

S

≤1

S

Amikacin

≤2

S

≤2

S

4

I

≤2

S

≤2

S

≤2

S

Ciprofloxacin

≤0.25

S

≤0.25

S

0.5

S

≤0.25

S

≤0.25

S

≤0.25

S

Tigecycline

≤0.5

S

≤0.5

S

≥8

R

≥8

R

≥8

R

≤0.5

S

Nitrofurantoin

≤16

S

64

I

≥512

R

≥512

R

≥512

R

64

I

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

≥320

R

≤20

S

160

R

160

R

320

R

≤20

S

S = susceptible; I = intermediate; R = resistance; modified; MIC = minimum inhibition concentration; Inter = interpretation.