Scientific Evidence of Rice By-Products for Cancer Prevention: Chemopreventive Properties of Waste Products from Rice Milling on Carcinogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo

Figure 3

Summary of mechanisms involved in colon tumorigenesis of brewers’ rice. COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2; GSK3β: glycogen synthase kinase 3β; HO-1: heme oxygenase-1; iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase; NF-κB: nuclear factor-kappa B; Nrf2: NF-E2-related factor 2.