Review Article

The Efficacy of Acupuncture for Treating Depression-Related Insomnia Compared with a Control Group: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Summary of basic characteristics of the included studies.

First author (year)Sample size (male/female)Random methodTreatmentControlFrequencyAcupointsPlaceTimeCourseOutcome measurementsFollow-UpSafetyAssessment of bias

Cao (2009)60
(34/26)
60
(31/29)
The random number tableACEstazolamPer dayGV20, H7, EX-HN1, SP6, B62, K6Guangdong>1 mNot reportedHAMD; PSQINot reportedNot reported+; ?; −; +; −; +; −; ?
Feng (2011)40
(26/14)
40
(27/13)
The random number tableACFluoxetinePer dayST40, SP9, SP10, SP6, EX-HN3, DU20, EX-HN1, PC6, TF4Beijing>1 m30 dHAMD; PSQI; SDSNot reportedNot reported+; −; −; −; +; −; ?
He (2010)30
(11/19)
30
(7/23)
The random number tableACEstazolamPer dayGV20, GV17, G19, ST36, P6, H7, SP6, LIV3Guangdong>1 m4 wSAS; SDS; PSQINot reportedNot reported+; −; −; −; +; −; ?
Ji (2013)93
(39/54)
94
(41/53)
Visiting sequenceACTrazodonePer dayH7, GV20, GV29, LI4, LIV3Jiangsu>1 m20 dPSQI; HAMD; ASBERG; effective rateNot reportedY−; −; −; −; +; −; ?
Liu (2009)3030The random number tableACClonazepamPer daySishenzhen, P6, SP6, Dingshenzhen, B62, K2Guangdong>1 m18 dPSQI; SDS; effective rate1–3 mNot reported+; −; −; −; +; −; ?
Luo (2010)33
(10/23)
33
(11/21)
Computer software SPSSACTrazodone and MesyrePer dayH7, GV20, GV29, LI4, LIV3Jiangsu2 m~3 y4 wPSQI; SDS; SERSNot reportedY+; −; −; −; +; +; ?
Song (2007)6060Computer softwareACEstazolam5 times, one weekGV20, EX-HN1Beijing2 m~2 y4 wSDS; PSQI; SERSNoY+; −; −; +; +; +; ?
Song (2013)6060The random number tableACFluoxetinePer dayGV20, GV24, B62, K2Hebei1–6 m4 wHAMD; PSQI; effective rate; SERSNot reportedY+; −; −; −; +; +; ?
Wang (2004)34
(22/12)
30
(17/13)
The random number tableACEstazolam5 times, one weekH7, P6, CV12, ST36, K3Beijing>1 m4 wHAMD; PSQI; effective rateNot reportedY+; −; −; −; +; −; ?
Wang (2015)45
(20/25)
45
(16/29)
Treatment sequenceACMirtazapinePer daySP6, H7, EX-HN1Jilin>1 m2 mHAMD; PSQI; effective rateNot reportedNot reported−; −; −; −; ?; −; ?
Ye (2014)40
(9/31)
40
(12/28)
Not reportedACMirtazapinePer dayH7, SP6, GV29, LIV3, GB34, ST36, P5Shanghai>3 m3 mHAMD; PSQI; effective rateNot reportedNot reported?; −; −; −; +; +; ?
Yeung (2011)26
(6/20)
52
(10/42)
SoftwareEASham AC and placebo AC3 times, one weekEX-HN3, GV20, Ear Shenmen, EX-HN1Hong Kong>1 m21 dPSQI; HAMD; ISI1 mY+; +; +; +; +; +; ?
Ka-Fai Chung (2015)60
(14/46)
90
(17/73)
SoftwareEASham AC and placebo AC3 times, one weekEX-HN3, GV20, and Ear Shenmen, EX-HN1, EXHong Kong>1 m21 dPSQI; HAMD; ISI1 mY+; +; +; +; +; +; ?
Wang (2006)23
(12/11)
22
(10/12)
Treatment dateAC combined with antidepression drugsAntidepression drugsPer dayGV24, GV20, GV14, DU11, CV9Jiang SuNot reported4 wHAMD; PSQINot reportedNot reported−; −; −; ?; ?; −; ?
Feng (2006)52
(38/14)
52 (34/18)Not reportedAC combined with ultraviolet oral fluoxetine and alprazolamFluoxetine and alprazolamPer dayP6, K3, H7, CV12, ST36He Nan>1 m20 dHAMD; PSQI3 mNot reported?; −; −; −; −; −; ?
Li (2005)26
(10/16)
24
(9/15)
Not reportedAC combined with fluoxetineFluoxetinePer dayEX-HN22, GV20, GV29Bei Jing2 m~22 y28 dEffective rateNot reportedNot reported?; −; −; −; +; −; ?
Liu (2010)3030Not reportedAC combined with Wuling CapsuleWuling CapsulePer dayGV20, GV29, H7, GV26, EX-HN1He Nan1~12 y4 wHAMD; PSQI; TESSNot reportedNot reported?; −; −; −; +; −; ?
Zhang (2015)30
(18/12)
30
(23/7)
Not reportedAC combined with Guipi decoctionMirtazapinePer dayH7, GV29, GV20, EX-HN22, ST36, SP6, P6Guang Dong>1 m4 wSDS; PSQINot reportedNot reported?; −; −; −; +; −; ?

Notes. AC: acupuncture; EA: electroacupuncture; SERS: rating scale for side effects; TESS: treatment emergent symptom scale; ISI: insomnia severity index. The risk of bias evaluation: random sequence generation; allocation concealment; using blind method; the blind assessment; data integrity; selective reporting bias; other forms. −: high risk, +: low risk; ?: not reported. The ratio of male to female was not reported in WH2009 Song, SC2013 Liu and Song Q2007.