3D Comparison of Mandibular Response to Functional Appliances: Balters Bionator versus Sander Bite Jumping

Figure 1

(A) 3D mandibular landmarks: Co (Condilion), Go (Gonion), Me (Menton), Pog (Pogonion), B (point B), L1 (lower incisor), L6-L (lower left molar), and L6-R (lower right molar). Mandibular Measurements: Co-Pog middle point T1, T2, T2−T1 (mandibular lenght); Co-Go middle point T1, T2, T2−T1 (ramus height); Pg T2−T1 (Pog point displacement); GoMeT2GoMeT1 (mandibular plane); L1 T2−T1 (lower incisor displacement); L1-axis T2T1 (lower incisor inclination); L6 T2−T1 (L6 displacement). (B) 3D maxillary landmarks: SNA (anterior nasal spine), PNS (posterior nasal spine), A (Point A), U1 (upper incisor), U6-L (upper left molar), and U6-R (upper right molar). Maxillary measurements: point A T1-T2 (A point displacement); PNS-ANS T1T2 (palatal plane); U1 T1-T2 (displacement); U1-axis T1T2 (upper incisor inclination); U6 T1-T2 (U6 displacement).