Prevalence, Genetic Heterogeneity, and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes at Farm Level: A Highlight of ERIC- and BOX-PCR to Reveal Genetic Diversity

Table 5

MAR index for all Listeria spp. isolates from organic farm A, organic farm B, and conventional farm C.

No	Source	Sample	Listeria spp. Isolates	Antibiotic Resistance Pattern	MAR index
1	Organic Farm A	Chinese Mustard	V9b	Amp, Rif, PenG, Gen, Ery, Tet, Chl, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.85
2		Cucumber	V11a	Rif, PenG, Ery, Tet, Cli, Nor	0.46
3		Soil	S4a	Amp, Rif, PenG, Tet, Str, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.69
4			S4b	Rif, PenG, Sxt, Tet, Chl, Str, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.69
5			S4e	Rif, PenG, Ery, Chl, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.61
6		Soil	S5b	Amp, Rif, Ery, Tet Chl, Str, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.77
7		Fertilizer	M4a	Amp, Rif, PenG, Gen, Stx, Ery, Tet, Chl, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.85
8		Fertilizer	M5b	Amp, PenG, Sxt, Ery, Tet, Chl, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.77
9	Organic Farm B	Pak Choy	V114a	Amp, Rif, PenG, Tet, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.62
10		Pak Choy	V116c	Amp, PenG, Ery, Tet, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.62
11		Romaine/cos lettuce	V118a	Amp, Rif, PenG, Gen, Ery, Tet, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.69
12		Romaine/cos lettuce	V118c	Amp, Rif, PenG, Gen, Tet, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.69
13		Romaine/cos lettuce	V120b	Amp, Rif, PenG, Sxt, Tet, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.69
14		Romaine/cos lettuce	V120e	Amp, PenG, Sxt, Ery, Tet, Chl, Str, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.85
15		Sawi Manis	V120g	Amp, Rif, PenG, Tet, Chl, Str, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.69
16			V123e	Amp, Rif, PenG, Sxt, Ery, Tet, Str, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.77
17			V123f	Amp, PenG, Ery, Tet, Str, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.62
18		Soil	S37a	Amp, PenG, Sxt, Tet, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.54
19		Soil	S37c	Amp, PenG, Ery, Tet, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.54
20		Fertilizer	M38a	PenG, Ery, Tet, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.54
21		Fertilizer	M38f	PenG, Tet, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.38
22		Fertilizer	M39b	PenG, Ery, Tet, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.46
23		Fertilizer	M39f	Amp, PenG, Ery, Tet, Str, Cli, Cro	0.54
24	Conventional Farm C	Fertilizer	M16b	Amp, Rif, PenG, Str, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.54
25		Fertilizer	M22b	Rif, Ery, Tet, Chl, Cli, Cro	0.46
26		Water	W21b	Rif, PenG, Gen, Tet	0.31
27		Water	W23a	PenG, Tet, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.38
28		Water	W23b	Amp, Rif, PenG, Tet, Str, Cf, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.69
29		Water	W24a	Amp, Rif, PenG, Sxt, Tet, Chl, Str, Cf, Cli, Cro	0.77
30		Water	W24b	PenG, Tet, Chl, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.46
31			W24c	Amp, PenG, Gen, Sxt, Ery, Tet, Chl, Cf, Cli	0.69
32		Water	W26a	Amp, Rif, PenG, Tet, Str, Cli, Cro	0.54
33		Water	W27a	PenG, Sxt, Ery, Chl, Cli, Cro	0.46
34		Water	W27c	Amp, PenG, Sxt, Tet, Str, Cli, Nor, Cro	0.62

“Amp” denotes ampicillin, “Cf” denotes cephalothin, “Cro” denotes chloramphenicol, “Sli” denotes clindamycin, “Ery” denotes erythromycin, “Gen” denotes gentamycin, “PenG” denotes penicillin G, “Rif” denotes rifampin, “Str” denotes streptomycin, “Tet” denotes tetracycline, “Sxt” denotes sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, “Nor” denotes nitrofurantoin, and Cf denotes ceftriaxone.