4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal Alkylated and Peroxynitrite Nitrated Proteins Localize to the Fused Mitochondria in Malpighian Epithelial Cells of Type IV Collagen Drosophila Mutants

Figure 2

Protein-HNE adducts in Malpighian epithelium. Color code: mitochondria, green; protein-HNE adducts, blue; actin, red. (a) Mitochondria of wild-type flies incubated at 20°C, (b) protein-HNE adducts, and (c) merge. ((d), (e), (f)) Wild-type flies incubated at 29°C, shown in the same order. ((g)–(i)) Mutant flies, incubated at 20°C, and ((j)–(l)) mutant flies, incubated at 29°C. The order of photomicrographs is as in upper row. Note mitochondrial fusion in (j) and actin stress fibers in (l). White arrow in (j), (k), and (l) showing the portion displayed in higher magnification in (m), (n), and (o). White arrow in (m), (n), and (o): point regions with no/few mitochondria and the lack of staining, demonstrating localization of alkylated proteins to mitochondria indirectly.