Drug Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli in Ethiopia: A Meta-Analysis

Table 3

Percentage of pooled antibacterial resistance rates of E. coli in Ethiopia, 2007–2017.

Studies	Antibacterial
	AML	AMP	AMC	KF	CRO	TE	DO	C	E	CN	K	CIP	NA	F	NOR	SXT
Abejew et al., 2014 [23]	84.6	80.0	---	42.3	46.9	82.2	64.5	49.0	94.4	34.0	20.0	28.3	13.3	10.4	---	75.8
Abera and Kibret, 2014 [35]	---	---	---	---	40	25	---	35	---	40	---	4	---	---	---	15
Adugna et al., 2015 [36]	---	86.8	47.5	---	---	76	---	36.2	---	37.2	---	6.9	---	---	9.3	---
Alebachew et al., 2016 [27]	---	100	100	---	0	100	---	0	---	0	---	0	---	0	---	100
Alemu et al., 2012 [28]	100	100	36.8	---	0	52.6	---	0	---	5.3	---	0	---	---	0	26.3
Beyene and Tsegaye, 2011 [49]	100	100	---	---	0	28.6	---	0	---	0	---	14.3	0	0	---	28.6
Debalke et al., 2014 [50]	---	88	---	---	4	---	---	0	---	---	---	---	52	0	16	96
Demilie et al., 2012 [37]	75	81.7	37.5	---	---	68.8	---	37.5	---	31.2	18.8	18.8	43.8	6.3	25	56.2
Derbie et al., 2017 [38]	---	89.1	78.6	---	---	66.1	---	---	---	27.6	---	64.4	---	25	27	64.5
Dereje et al., 2017 [42]	---	---	21.6	---	24.6	---	---	32.2	---	53.8	---	56.9	---	40	---	---
Derese et al., 2016 [48]	77.8	77.8	---	---	0	66.7	---	11.1	---	0	---	11.1	44.4	44.4	---	11.1
Dessie et al., 2016 [43]	---	95.8	70.8	---	83.3	83.3	---	25	---	54.2	---	66.7	---	---	---	---
Desta et al., 2016 [44]	---	---	93	98	---	---	---	---	---	63	---	78	---	---	---	---
Eshetie et al., 2015 [31]	---	92.9	60.7	---	17.9	53.6	---	64.3	---	57.1	---	10.7	25	---	---	50
Kibret and Abera, 2014 [24]	87.3	---	---	56.9	33.9	80.1	61	37.4	93.7	24.5	---	34.1	---	3.8	---	72.1
Kibret and Abera, 2011 [25]	86	---	---	59.5	37.4	72.4	---	35.3	89.4	13	---	19.9	---	3.6	6.5	62.9
Azene and Beyene, 2011 [26]	85.0	---	---	64.7	66.7	71.4	33.3	36.1	51.9	14.4	---	7.7	---	---	---	67.1
Mama et al., 2014 [51]	---	100	---	100	62	79	44.8	65.5	---	51.7	---	34	41	---	44.8	55
Mamuye, 2016 [45]	75.5	79.2	---	32.1	45.3	83.0	71.7	30.2	---	22.6	---	54.7	73.6	20.8	67.9	22.6
Melaku et al., 2012 [39]	85.7	100	---	---	---	81.6	---	83.7	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Mulu et al., 2017 [34]	25	33.3	---	---	3.3	75	75	13	0	69.6	---	18.2	---	---	23.1	11.1
Mulualem et al., 2012 [52]	86	86	70.1	---	9	73.1	---	35.8	---	3	---	20.9	---	---	16.4	56.7
Mulu et al., 2012 [40]	90	78	---	---	55.6	66.7	66.7	0	---	44.4	44.4	44.4	66.7	22.2	44.4	67
Nigussie and Amsalu, 2017 [54]	---	100	36.4	---	63.6	---	---	---	---	72.7	---	18.2	---	0	9.1	81.8
Ramos et al., 2014 [47]	64.7	70.6	5.9	---	5.9	41.2	29.4	35.3	41.2	11.8	---	29.4	---	---	---	58.8
Wasihun et al.2015 [57]	---	---	6.7	---	60	---	40	---	---	13.3	---	6.7	---	26.7	60	6.7
Wondimeneh et al., 2014 [29]	50	66.7	---	---	50	100	---	16.7	---	66.7	---	50	---	---	66.7	66.7
Wondimu et al., 2013 [30]	---	33.3	0	---	0	0	0	0	0	0	---	33.3	---	---	---	0
Zenebe et al., 2011 [53]	0	100	---	0	0	75	---	100	---	75	---	0	0	---	---	100
Amsalu1 et al., 2016 [54]	---	100	26.1	---	45.7	---	---	64.3	---	60.6	---	56.2	---	---	68.8	90
Tadesse et al., 2014 [56]	---	68.8	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	43.8	---	---	---	---	18.8	81.2
Tiruneh et al., 2014 [32]	87.5	83.3	---	---	---	79.2	---	58.3	---	44.2	---	46.7	---	---	---	76.7
Legese et al., 2017 [46]	100	---	100	---	---	83.3	---	66.7	---	66.7	---	---	---	0	66.7	100
Eshetie et al., 2016 [33]	---	98.2	42	---	---	43.8	---	54.5	---	52.7	---	0.9	17	---	---	64.3
Wondemagegn et al., 2015 [41]	80	73.3	---	---	---	73.3	---	---	---	26.7	---	20	---	---	20	60

AMC: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, AML: amoxicillin, AMP: ampicillin, C: chloramphenicol, CIP: ciprofloxacin, CN: gentamicin, CRO: ceftriaxone, DO: doxycycline, E: erythromycin, F: nitrofurantoin, K: kanamycin, KF: cephalothin, NA: nalidixic acid, NOR: norfloxacin, SXT: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, TE: tetracycline, ---: not done.