Variable Cases n=55( ) Controls n=128( ) Total N=183( ) Chi-square, 2 (p-value) COR [95 CI] p-value AOR [95 CI] p-value Gestational age (weeks) <37 13 (23.6) 18 (14.1) 31 (16.9) 2.17 [0.38, 12.49] 0.387 37-42 40 (72.7) 104 (81.2) 144 (78.7) 1.15 [0.22, 5.96] 0.864 >42 2 (3.6) 6 (4.7) 8 (4.4) 2.54 (0.282) Ref. Birth weight (Kg) <1.5 8 (14.5) 5 (3.9) 13 (7.1) 3.96 [1.22, 12.87] 0.022 1.91 [0.46, 7.92] 0.372 1.5-2.5 9 (16.4) 29 (22.7) 38 (20.8) 0.77 [0.33, 1.77] 0.536 0.56 [0.19, 1.66] 0.298 >2.5 38 (69.1) 94 (73.4) 132 (72.1) 6.96 (0.031) Ref. Ref. Sex Male 28 (50.9) 59 (46.1) 87 (47.5) Ref. Female 27 (49.1) 69 (53.9) 96 (52.5) 0.36 (0.550) 0.82 [0.44, 1.55] 0.550 APGAR score in the first minute <7 23 (41.8) 27 (21.1) 50 (27.3) 2.69 [1.36, 5.33] 0.005 1.40 [0.46, 4.27] 0.550 ≥7 32 (58.2) 101 (78.9) 133 (72.7) 8.32 (0.004) Ref. Ref. APGAR score in the fifth minute <7 15 (27.3) 17 (13.3) 32 (17.5) 2.45 [1.12, 5.36] 0.025 1.70 [0.46, 6.36] 0.426 ≥7 40 (72.7) 111 (86.7) 151 (82.5) 5.22 (0.022) Ref. Ref. Meconium None 8 (14.6) 55 (43.0) 63 (34.4) Ref. Ref. Passed 47 (85.4) 73 (57.0) 120 (65.6) 13.77 (<0.001) 4.43 [1.94, 10.12] <0.001 0.82 [0.21, 3.18] 0.775 Resuscitated at birth No 45 (81.8) 108 (84.4) 153 (83.6) Ref. Yes 10 (18.2) 20 (15.6) 30 (16.4) 0.18 (0.668) 1.20 [0.52, 2.77] 0.669 Reason for CS Emergency 48 (87.3) 69 (53.9) 117 (63.9) Ref. Ref. Elective 7 (12.7) 59 (46.1) 66 (36.1) 18.57 (<0.001) 0.17 [0.07, 0.41] <0.001 0.25 [0.09, 0.68] 0.006 Duration of stay < 1 week 37 (67.3) 122 (95.3) 159 (86.9) Ref. Ref. 1-2 weeks 8 (14.5) 5 (3.9) 13 (7.1) 5.28 [1.62, 17.10] 0.006 3.50 [0.96, 12.73] 0.057 <2 weeks 10 (18.2 1 (0.8) 11 (6.0) 28.99 (<0.001) 32.97 [4.09, 266.13] <0.001 34.44 [3.06, 388.02] 0.004 Outcome of admission Discharged 49 (89.1) 120 (93.7) 169 (92.4) Ref. Died 4 (7.3) 7 (5.5) 11 (6.0) 1.40 [0.39, 4.99] 0.605 Referred 2 (6.6) 1 (0.8) 3 (1.6) 2.21 (0.331) 4.90 [0.43,55.27] 0.199
