Cellular and Molecular Heterogeneity Associated with Vessel Formation Processes

Figure 2

Heterogeneity among the processes of neovascularisation. Principles of the different processes regarding their triggers, phases, protagonist cells, and molecular profiles. EC: endothelial cell. EPC: endothelial progenitor cell. VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor. VEGFR: VEGF receptor. Tie-2: angiopoietin-1 receptor. ICAM1: intercellular adhesion molecule 1. CCR2: C-C chemokine receptor type 2. PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor. TNF: tumour necrosis factor. MMP: matrix metalloproteinase.