Impact of Early versus Late Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients with Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 1

Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis.

Reference	Nation	Study period	Study design	RRT modality	Mean Creatinine Level(mg/dL)		Patients (N.)	Male Early/Late; ()	Mean age Early/Late (years)	Follow up (days)
					Early RRT	Late RRT
Durmaz 2003 [10]	Turkey	1999-2001	Single-; center	IHD	3.1(1.0)	4.3(1.1)	44	76/83	58/54	In- hospital; mortality
Sugahara 2004 [11]	Japan	1995-1997	Single-; center	CVVH	2.9(0.3)	3.0(0.2)	28	64/64	65/64	14-day mortality
Crescenzi 2015 [12]	Italy	2011-2013	Single-; center	CVVH	1.7(0.9)	1.8(0.9)	59	28/31	68/ 68	30-day mortality
Combes 2015 [13]	France	2009-2012	Multicenter	CVVH	1.1(0.3)	1.1(0.3)	224	79/80	61/58	30-day mortality

IHD=intermittent hemodialysis, CVVH=continuous vena-venous hemofiltration, and RRT= renal replacement therapy.