Research Article

Discovery of a Novel Microtubule Targeting Agent as an Adjuvant for Cancer Immunotherapy

Figure 5

Compound #1 induces immune activation through MAPK activation. (a) Immunoblot for activation of MAPK signaling pathways. THP-1 cells were cultured for indicated time periods with 5 μM #1. Phospho-JNK (p-JNK), total JNK (t-JNK), phospho-ERK (p-ERK), total ERK (t-ERK), phospho-p38 (p-p38), total p38 (t-p38), and b-actin are shown. (b) Effect of JNK inhibitor on cytokine release in THP-1 cells. Cells were stimulated for 18 h with 5 μM #1 and 20 μM JNK inhibitor, SP600125. IL-8 and IL-1β secretions from THP-1 cells were measured by ELISA. P<0.0001 by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test). Data presented are representative of two independent experiments showing similar results.
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