Comparison of Synovial Fluid and Serum Procalcitonin for Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Pilot Study in 32 Patients

Table 3

Patient characteristics data.

	Total	PJI	Aseptic loosening	p value
	(n=32)	(n=20)	(n=12)
Age, year◆	68 (65–74)	70 (66–76)	67 ± 5	0.098
Female gender ◎	25 (78%)	13 (65%)	12 (100%)	0.029
BMI, kg/m^2△	26.9 ± 4.0	26.3 ± 4.5	28.1 ± 3.0	0.229
Hip  : Knee❖	5  : 27	0  : 20	5  : 7	0.004
Left  : Right❖	14  : 18	10  : 10	4  : 8	0.471
CCI◆	3 (2-4)	3 (3-4)	2.5 ± 1.0	0.083
Systemic inflammatory disease◎	2 (6%)	1 (5%)	1 (8%)	1.000
Receiving immunomodulating drugs◎	2 (6%)	1 (5%)	1 (8%)	1.000
Body temperature (°C)◆	36.8 (36.5–37.3)	37.4 ± 0.9	36.6 ± 0.2	0.010
WBC count (cell/mm^3)◆	6,620 (5,755–10,250)	9,170 (1,700–28,100)	6106 ± 1433	0.021

PJI: periprosthetic joint infection, BMI: body mass index, CCI: Charlson comorbidity index, and WBC: white blood cell; ◆: value presented as mean ± SD or mean (IQR) and calculated with Mann–Whitney U test; ◎: value presented as number of cases (percentage) and calculated with Fisher exact test or Chi-square test as appropriate; △: value presented with mean ± standard deviation and calculated with unpaired t-test; ❖: value presented as the proportion of cases with that condition and calculated with Fisher exact test; significant value with .