Evaluating Vitamin D Status in Pre- and Postmenopausal Type 2 Diabetics and Its Association with Glucose Homeostasis
Table 5
Hemodynamic and anthropometric characteristics of study groups stratified by vitamin D status.
Variables
Premenopausal T2DM
Postmenopausal T2DM
Vitamin D deficient
Vitamin D sufficient
Vitamin D deficient
Vitamin D sufficient
(<20 ng/ml)
(>20 ng/ml)
(<20 ng/ml)
(>20 ng/ml)
Hemodynamic profile
-value
-value
Systole
133.81 ± 21.73
128.32 ± 23.16
0.233
135.82 ± 21.96
147.41 ± 23.62
0.019
Diastole
79.18 ± 11.49
80.88 ± 15.55
0.535
76.75 ± 11.46
82.68 ± 12.38
0.021
MAP
97.38 ± 13.51
96.69 ± 17.50
0.826
96.44 ± 13.48
104.25 ± 14.39
0.001
Anthropometrics
Weight
71.45 ± 14.51
72.36 ± 13.02
0.750
69.37 ± 14.21
72.96 ± 13.09
0.238
BMI
28.39 ± 5.43
28.21 ± 4.57
0.863
27.68 ± 5.30
28.95 ± 5.93
0.288
Underweight
3 (5.0)
1 (2.9)
0.253
Healthy
17 (29.8)
11 (26.8)
0.913
14 (23.3)
9 (26.5)
Overweight
20 (35.1)
16 (39.0)
25 (41.7)
8 (23.5)
Obese
20 (35.1)
14 (34.2)
18 (30.0)
16 (47.1)
WHR
0.94 ± 0.16
0.93 ± 0.08
0.714
0.94 ± 0.08
0.93 ± 0.08
0.562
Healthy
1 (1.8)
2 (4.9)
0.651
1 (1.7)
2 (5.9)
0.353
Overweight
2 (3.5)
1 (2.4)
4 (6.7)
4 (11.8)
Obese
54 (94.7)
38 (92.7)
55 (91.7)
28 (82.4)
WHtR
0.62 ± 0.16
0.59 ± 0.66
0.742
0.61 ± 0.09
0.63 ± 0.09
0.303
Healthy
1 (1.8)
2 (4.9)
0.438
4 (6.7)
1 (2.9)
0.101
Overweight
9 (15.8)
3 (7.3)
6 (10.0)
2 (5.9)
Very overweight
10 (17.5)
10 (24.4)
6 (10.0)
10 (29.4)
Morbidly obese
37 (64.9)
26 (63.4)
44 (73.3)
21 (61.8)
Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Student’s -test analysis was performed to compare means of continuous variables. Categorical variables were expressed as frequency (percentage). Differences between categorical variables were analyzed with Chi square analysis. was considered statistically significant ( values of significant variables are in bold print). BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; HC: hip circumference; WHR: waist to hip ratio; WHtR: waist to height ratio; BAI: body adiposity index; VAI: visceral adiposity index; MAP: mean arterial pressure.
