A Preliminary Study of Biliary Microbiota in Patients with Bile Duct Stones or Distal Cholangiocarcinoma

Figure 5

Characteristics of microbial community composition in patients with recurrent choledocholithiasis and the onset of common bile duct stones. (a) Cladogram representing taxa enriched in biliary microbiota community of the two groups detected by the LEfSe tool. Differences were represented by the color of the most abundant class (red, patients with the onset of common bile duct stones; green, patients with recurrent choledocholithiasis). The diameter of each circle is proportional to the taxon's abundance. The central point represents the root of the tree (Bacteria), and each ring represents the next lower taxonomic level. (b) Histogram of the LDA scores computed for different abundance levels between patients with recurrent choledocholithiasis and the onset of common bile duct stones, as detected by the LEfSe tool. (c–j) Relative abundance of Prevotella, Alloprevotella, Nesterenkonia, Pyramidobacter, Aeromonas, Enterococcus, Unclassified_Enterobacteriaceae, and Citrobacter in biliary microbiota community of patients with recurrent choledocholithiasis and the onset of common bile duct stones.

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