Multiple Roles of Exosomal Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancers

Figure 2

Exosome biogenesis and exosome-mediated delivery of ncRNAs to the recipient cell [37]. A. ncRNAs bind to packing proteins and are selectively secreted. B. Early endosomes are generated from inward budding of the plasma membrane and mature after interacting with Golgi complexes. C. Late endosomes form intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) and incorporate nucleic acids. D. MVB containing ILVs then fuse with the plasma membrane and release exosomes. E. ncRNAs are transferred within exosomes to recipient cells and affect functions.